In depth Interviews Shahaduz Zaman Ph.D. Newcastle University, UK

1. In depth Interviews Shahaduz Zaman Ph.D. Newcastle University, UK

2. Interview types • Structured interviews • Close ended lead by researchers • Semi-structured interviews • Open ended lead negotiated by researchers and participants • Unstructured interviews • Open ended lead by participants • This is also called, Ethnographic or In-depth interviews

3. Qualitative researchmostly uses • Unstructured interviews • Also called ‘Ethnographic’ or ‘In depth interviews’

4. InterViewsAn inter change of views

5. Features of an In-Depth interview • Conversation with a purpose • It is unstructured but not unfocused • Interviewer and respondents are partners, working together to achieve the shared goal of understanding

6. Aim of In-depth Interview • To find out from people those things that we can not directly observe…..People’s thoughts, feelings, intentions. • To allow us to enter into other person’s perspectives.(Emic View)

7. Structured Interview Unstructured Interview(Survey) (In-Depth) • Same standard questions is asked to all respondents in the same sequence • Professional tone, diversion ignored • Close ended questions with rare probes • Questions and order are tailored to specific people and situation • More like a flexible, friendly conversation • Open ended questions and frequent probes

8. Structured Interview Unstructured Interview(Survey) (In-Depth) • Interviewer alone controls the direction of discussion • Social context have little value • Interviewer adjust to respondents norms. • Social context is crucial

9. The basis for any interview is questioning • We need to be careful about what type of questions we are asking

10. Question Types • Demographic question • standard background questions e.g. age, education • Experience question • about what a person experienced regarding a phenomena • Opinion question • about what a person think about a topic

11. Question Types • Behavior question • about what a person has done or is doing • Knowledge question • to get facts about a topic • Feeling question • ’I think…’ is not a feelings

12. While you are asking questions: • Take care of the sequence of questions • Ask the question properly (wording, double questions) • Take care asking ‘why’

13. If what people have to say about their world in generally boring to you, then it will be difficult for you to be a good In-Depth interviewer. • Unless you are fascinated by the rich variation in human experience, qualitative interviewing will become toil.

14. I want to understand the world from your point of view, I want to know what you know in the way you know it. I want to listen to you until I think like you.