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The President IV

The President IV. 2/21/2012. Clearly Stated Learning Objectives. Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: understand and interpret the United States Constitution and apply it to the present (the sections on the presidency and Electoral College).

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The President IV

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  1. The President IV 2/21/2012

  2. Clearly Stated Learning Objectives • Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: • understand and interpret the United States Constitution and apply it to the present (the sections on the presidency and Electoral College). • assess the 2008 & 2012 Presidential Elections without resorting to partisan bickering. • identify and explain the role of formal and informal institutions and their effect on policy.

  3. Office Hours and Readings • Readings- Chapter 10 on the Bureaucracy • Office Hours • Today 12-2 • Wednesday 8-11

  4. Presidential Success Using other powers

  5. Executive Stuff Executive Orders Executive Agreements Bilateral agreements with other nations Carry the weight of a treaty Not that great of a power The Senate hates these • Carry the weight of law • Must be on a single issue • Cannot require new revenues • Die when the president leaves

  6. The Veto • The “Smart Bomb” in the legislative process • Most vetoes are sustained • Can be overused • Threats work better

  7. Politics by other Means Informal powers

  8. The Power to Persuade • Richard Neustadt • Presidential Power is the Power To Persuade

  9. Persuasion • What is Persuasion • You have to convince them by what ever means necessary • Getting Decision makers to do what you want • The Johnson Treatment

  10. Getting things Done: Trading Favors • Prestige of the office • Granting New Favors • Calling in Past Favors

  11. Getting Things Done: Reprisals • Monetary Threats • Campaign Threats • Policy Threats

  12. Why Persuasion Fails • Threats are Not Credible • Favors are not worth it • Electoral Security and temporal forces

  13. Why President Obama is Currently having difficulty persuading • Republicans do not want to compromise • Democrats are already on board • The Election is getting close

  14. Everything is inside

  15. Samuel Kernell Going Public

  16. Going Public • Using presidential popularity to by-pass Congress and  take the message to the people. • A Two Step Model

  17. Requirements • High reliance on the media • Use the same tools as the campaign

  18. Who is good at “Going Public” • Political Outsiders • Popular Presidents • Presidents who are good communicators • Presidents facing divided government

  19. How it Can fail: No Coverage

  20. How it Can Fail: Missteps • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HOBTUCv4o0

  21. How it can Fail: Disinterest

  22. How it Can Fail: Getting off Message

  23. How it can fail: A guy throws a shoe at you • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM3Z_Kskl_U

  24. Going Public is Risky • You must have public support on the issue • You cannot do it too much • Unpopular presidents will not be able to do it

  25. Why does everyone hate the president?

  26. The Media hate the President • They punish failure • They do not reward success • Bad news is better for ratings

  27. Congress hates the president • Different Goals • Different Time frames • Divided Government

  28. The People Turn on the President • Term Limits • We Grow tired of the president • The realities of the office

  29. Keeping your head above water Is the president doomed to fail?

  30. Presidential Approval

  31. The Key’s To Presidential Popularity • Strong Economy • Staying away from Scandal • Rally around the Flag events • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7TTBL6WXAY

  32. How to Lose it

  33. President Obama: On the Ledge

  34. Bureaucracy

  35. What is a Bureaucracy The Bureaucracy Bureaucrats the individuals in these organizations. • are the organizations that administer programs and policies in both government and the private sector • Where we see it • SEU • Business • The Government

  36. Why A Bureaucracy?: The Tasks of Government • The Constitution sets up a need for bureaucrats • You have to have people to administer these tasks

  37. Why a Bureaucracy: The Public Goods Problem • What are public goods? • Business will not touch it • How do you protect/provide these?

  38. Why a Bureaucracy? Size

  39. Why a Bureaucracy: Human Resources • 2 million employees • 1.4 million active duty personnel • 24% of Total GDP

  40. The Bureaucracy in the Constitution • No specific mention • Article II- implies a bureaucracy • The Founders didn’t expect a large role

  41. The Pendleton Act and The Spoils System • “To the victor goes the spoils” • James Garfield (RIP) • The Pendleton Act (1883)

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