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The Holy Crusades

The Holy Crusades . Where the Battles Were Fought. Why Were the Crusades Fought?. The Background of the Crusades. CREDIT. Background.

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The Holy Crusades

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  1. The Holy Crusades Where the Battles Were Fought Why Were the Crusades Fought? The Background of the Crusades CREDIT

  2. Background The Catholic Church of this time held control over Western Europe through the powerful Holy Roman Empire. This power gave the Popes the authority to declare war. They preached Christ is concerned with the political order of man, and intends for his agents on earth, kings, popes, bishops, to establish on earth a Christian Republic that was a “single, universal, transcendental state’ ruled by Christ through the lay and clerical magistrates he endowed with authority(Abels).

  3. The Battleground This is a matter of dispute among historians. “Traditionalists” would limit true crusades to expeditions aimed at recovering or protecting Jerusalem. “Pluralists” regard any expedition preached as a crusade in which the participants took crusading vows and received crusading privileges should be regarded as crusades. If so, crusades were fought not only in Syria, Palestine, and Egypt, but in Spain, the Baltic (Latvia and Prussia), Italy, Sicily, and southern France (Abels).

  4. The Reason They Fought Crusades were characterized by the taking of vows and the granting of indulgences to those who participated.  Like going on pilgrimage, to which they were often likened, crusading was an act of Christian love and piety that compensated for and paid the penalties earned by sin.  It marked a break from early Christian medieval conceptions of warfare in that crusades were penitential warfare. Crusades combined the ideas of: a) Holy War and b) Pilgrimage to produce the concept of "indulgence" (remission of penance and/or sin granted by papacy for participation in sacred activity) (Abels).

  5. Information and Images from: Abels, Richard. (2009). Timeline for the Crusades and Christian Holy War to c.1350. In United States Naval Academy. Retrieved September 13, 2013.

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