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DayCent-Chem Overview

NO x. DayCent-Chem Overview. SO 2. Melannie Hartman NREL CANS Project Meeting Feb. 15-17, 2006 Sylvan Dale Ranch Loveland, CO. John Fielder. Why was DayCent-Chem developed?. Biological cycling of nutrients is important to predicting deposition effects on stream/soil chemistry.

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DayCent-Chem Overview

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  1. NOx DayCent-Chem Overview SO2 Melannie Hartman NREL CANS Project Meeting Feb. 15-17, 2006 Sylvan Dale Ranch Loveland, CO John Fielder

  2. Why was DayCent-Chem developed? • Biological cycling of nutrients is important to predicting deposition effects on stream/soil chemistry. • Management of forests, croplands, and grasslands built into Century. • Daily time step. • Model of intermediate complexity. John Fielder

  3. History of DayCent, cont’d Keough Del Grosso Parton 2001-present CENTURY version 4 monthly FORTRAN CENTURY version 5 monthly, C++ DayCent version 4 daily FORTRAN/C DayCent version 4.5 daily FORTRAN/C Parton, Ojima, Schimel 1980s Hillinski 1998 Parton, Ojima, Hartman 1994 DayCent version 5 daily, C++ 2001 PHREEQC version 2.7, C DayCent-Chem daily, C++ Hartman, Baron, 2003-present http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/century5/

  4. Atmospheric CO2 CO2 N2O NOx LITTERFALL ET PHREEQC soil reactions Cation Exchange Aqueous reactions Mineral denudation CO2 dissolution DayCent-Chem Model Processes Atmospheric Deposition Cations and Anions SUBLIMATION Snowpack TRANSLOCATION INFILTRATION RUNOFF UPTAKE SOM DECOMP. MINERALIZATION NITRIF./DENITRIF. Soil Organic C,N,P,S NO3- NH4+ CO2 DOC, Cations, Anions, CEC ANC, pH, BC, Cl, Al, SO42- LEACHING Aquifer PHREEQC stream reactions Aqueous reactions Mineral denudation CO2 degassing BASEFLOW Stream Flow CO2

  5. snowpack phreeqc.dat water vapor loss PHREEQC soil layer 0 solution n+2 solution n+2 solution n+1 solution n+1 solution 1 solution 1 solution 2 solution 2 solution n solution n KEY H2O + species H2O only streamflow runoff aquifer aqueous species only aqueous species + exchanger DayCent-ChemData Flow atmospheric deposition dry no rain? melt sublimation yes ET soln.pqi soil layer 1 soil layer n-1 soln.sel

  6. DayCent-Chem organic C leaching Labile C in surface litter l= leaching intensity: f(soil water flow) * f(soil texture) Labile C in Organic Soil Layer l Soil DOC r Stream DOC Mineral Soil r = release intensity: DOCReleaseFraction * total Q / baseflow

  7. PHREEQC(pH/Redox/Equilibrium/Carbon) • Speciation program to calculate saturation indices and distribution of aqueous species • Multi-phase system equilibrium with gas phases (i.e. CO2, O2), minerals, aqueous species, exchange sites. • Ion exchange (Gaines-Thomas convention) • Surface complexation (generalized two-layer, explicit diffuse layer, or non-electrostatic model) • Distributed with several data bases of reactions and equilibrium coefficients, enthalpy of reaction (∆H)*. * “careful selection of aqueous species and thermodynamic data is left to the user”

  8. Century C-cycle

  9. Century N-cycle

  10. Inputs: daily precipitation & min./max. air temperatures precipitation concentrations (NADP) dry:wet ratio or dry dep amounts soil properties: texture, Ksat, CEC Outputs: daily stream outflow and chemistry daily soil chemistry by soil layer SOM composition NPP/Biomass ET/Sublimation NOx, N2O emissions DayCent-Chem Inputs/Outputs

  11. Does: speciation mineral weathering CO2, O2 dissolution cation exchange (permanent charge) plant/microbial uptake of NH4+, NO3-, P, S pH computed as charge balance elution Model development: sulfate adsorption / pH dependent charge plant/microbial uptake of base cations organic acids O3 effects on production (?) DayCent-Chem Processes John Fielder

  12. DayCent Publications • Del Grosso, S.J., W.J. Parton, A.R. Mosier, D.S. Ojima, and M.D. Hartman. 2000.  Interaction of Soil Carbon Sequestration and N2O Flux with Different Land Use Practices.  Pp. 303-311 in: J.van Ham et al. eds. Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gasses: Scientific Understanding, Control, and Implementation.  Kluwer Academic Publishers. Netherlands. • Del Grosso, S.J., W.J. Parton, A.R. Mosier, M.D. Hartman, J. Brenner, D.S. Ojima, and D.S. Schimel. 2001. Simulated interaction of carbon dynamics and nitrogen trace gas fluxes using the DAYCENT model. Pages 303-332 In: M.J. Shaffer, L. Ma and S. Hansen (eds.) Modeling Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics for Soil Management. Lewis Publishers. Boca Raton, Florida. • Del Grosso, S.J., W.J. Parton, A.R. Mosier, M.D. Hartman, C.A. Keough, G.A. Peterson, D.S. Ojima, D.S. Schimel. 2001. Simulated effects of land use, soil texture, and precipitation on N gas emissions using DAYCENT. Pages 413-431 In: Follett, R.F., Hatfield, J.L. (eds.), Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems, and Management, Elsevier Science Publishers, The Netherlands. • Eitzinger, J., W.J. Parton, and M. Hartman. 2000. Improvement and validation of a daily soil temperature submodel for freezing/thawing periods. Soil Science 165:525-534. • Kelly, R.H., W.J. Parton, M.D. Hartman, L.K. Stretch, D.S. Ojima, and D.S. Schimel. 2000. Intra-annual and interannual variability of ecosystem processes in shortgrass steppe. Journal of Geophysical Research. 105:D15:20093-20100. • Parton, W.J., A. Haxeltine, P. Thornton, R. Anne, and M. Hartman. 1996. Ecosystem sensitivity to land-surface models and leaf area index. Global and Planetary Change. 13:89-98. • Parton, W.J., Hartman, M., Ojima, D., and David Schimel. 1998. DAYCENT and its land surface submodel: description and testing. Global and Planetary Change. 19:35-48. • Parton, W.J., E.A. Holland, S.J. Del Grosso, M.D. Hartman, R.E. Martin, A.R. Mosier,D.S. Ojima and D.S. Schimel. 2001. Generalized model for NOx and N2O emissions from soils. Journal of Geophysical Research 106:17403-17419.

  13. snowmelt winter Snowmelt: ANC modelled too high Winter: ANC modeled too low

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