GIS and Epidemiology

1. GIS and Epidemiology Layer Analysis of Datasets… R. Uosef

2. ANALYZING DATASETS • The following information provides for hypothetical relationships created by examining the data used in the GIS Infectious Disease (Autism) Prototype • This analysis does not draw about definite conclusions • This analysis examines different dataset trends and patterns individually and some datasets are examined with one another • User can use similar methods and/or different datasets to cross examine and compare information; drawing their own conclusions

3. LAYER ANALYSIS Data layers based on the high, medium and low levels of autism prevalence reported in New Jersey, New York and Florida with the US Census’ Median Household Income and number of hospitals in the three states

4. LAYER ANALYSIS • New Jersey • most areas shaded green, • majority of the area has a relatively higher household income when compared with other states • Relative to the household income (within each state based on the median value for that particular state) most hospital locations are clustered together closest to New York City in an area where the household income ranges from $24,000 to more than $82,000 • household income relative to hospital location shows that the lowest income is in an area surrounded by higher income • Compare to population here!

5. LAYER ANALYSIS Hospitals in New York are located mainly in areas with a household income of $24,001 to $39,000. However, in New York City more hospitals are found in areas with a household income over $68,001

6. LAYER ANALYSIS Florida hospitals are located mainly in areas with a household income of $24,001 to $39,000

7. LAYER ANALYSIS • Diversity in the three states and the diversity index of Autism patients by ethnicity can be overlapped to examine patterns. • The first part of the chart looks at the “Prevalence of Diversity” and examines the prevalence of autism for the four years represented and categorizes them by different ethnicities. • The second portion of the chart comes from the US Census (http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36000.html) and examines as a whole the diversity of the population for each state for a combined numbers of years in which the US Census measures change. • This is intended to examine patterns between the population diversity as a whole and the prevalence of autism as a part of the whole, relatively over a particular time that reflects change in diversity.

8. LAYER ANALYSIS Table Info

9. LAYER ANALYSIS Table Info

10. LAYER ANALYSIS • The relationship between the total diversity in each state versus the autism prevalence based on diversity within that same state. • We can see the relationship in the ratio comparison between the two variables. • For instance, can this mean that if a state with a particular diversity appears greater, then does the data also shows a greater prevalence of autism? • Will this suggest that most white people show greater autism prevalence then Asian people? And not because autism targets white people more but because there is a greater population?

11. LAYER ANALYSIS • Maps below show the diversity index within each state examined. In New York and New Jersey we see a relatively higher diversity index closest to New York City; whereas in Florida the diversity index seems to be more spread out across the state

12. LAYER ANALYSIS • Maps below show the diversity index within each state examined. In New York and New Jersey we see a relatively higher diversity index closest to New York City; whereas in Florida the diversity index seems to be more spread out across the state Adding Hospitals to Diversity layer

13. LAYER ANALYSIS

14. LAYER ANALYSIS • Prevalence of autism Vs. Population under 18 years old Vs. Population per household Vs. Overall population density (Comparing four layers in one table view and converting that to map view) • Table 3 shows all three states have relatively same percentage of population under 18 years old. We can also see that based on total population New York has the highest population density (also known as the population count) and the highest number of autism prevalence. Yet although New York has populations almost double the density of New Jersey; the rate at which autism prevalence increases in New Jersey is greater than that of New York • Table 4: • Land mass per state Vs. • Total population density

15. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (New York, New Jersey & Florida) • The next 6 slides explore the relationship in the three states based on Population density of both overall population and Population under 18 years of age Versus Hospital Locations • This examination will be helpful in analyzing the proximity of hospitals in areas ranging from most dense to least densely populated

16. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (New York)

17. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (New York)

18. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (New Jersey)

19. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (New Jersey)

20. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (FLORIDA)

21. LAYER ANALYSIS • Population Vs. Hospital Locations (FLORIDA)

22. Maps below represent data used to construct tables 3 and 4, we can examine relationships between percent populations younger than 18, population density vs. household size. LAYER ANALYSIS

23. Maps below represent data used to construct tables 3 and 4, we can examine relationships between percent populations younger than 18, population density vs. household size. LAYER ANALYSIS

24. Maps below represent data used to construct tables 3 and 4, we can examine relationships between percent populations younger than 18, population density vs. household size. LAYER ANALYSIS

25. Maps below represent data used to construct tables 3 and 4, we can examine relationships between percent populations younger than 18, population density vs. household size. LAYER ANALYSIS

26. LAYER ANALYSIS • Prevalence of Autism Vs. Median home value Vs. Hospital locations • Median home value in USA is $186,200. Let’s examine the relationship hypothetically between the value of a home and how conveniently a hospital is located near that home.

27. LAYER ANALYSIS Click for Analysis

28. LAYER ANALYSIS • New York and New Jersey home values closer to NYC seem to be the highest, above USA average, whereas although Florida contains a few areas with relatively high home values, the overall home value in Florida is the lowest. Also hospitals appear to be conveniently located near areas with high home values; possibly making it convenient for families to get immunization, medical care, routine check-ups as well as emergency care.

29. LAYER ANALYSIS • Dataset Layers: • autismData08_11threeTOfive & autismData08_11threeTOtwentytwo (Autism Prevalence data) • Rain layers (NY, NJ, FL 2008-2009-2010-2011) • hsip_Njhospitals (New Jersey Hospitals) • Florida_Rural_Hospitals_and_Districts:http://services.arcgis.com/9Jk4Zl9KofTtvg3x/arcgis/rest/services/Florida_Rural_Hospitals_and_Districts/FeatureServer/0 • Hospital locations in New York State:http://services.arcgis.com/jDGuO8tYggdCCnUJ/arcgis/rest/services/Hospital_locations_in_New_York_State/FeatureServer/0 • USA Diversity Index:http://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Diversity_Index/MapServer • USA Population Density (Mature Support):http://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Population_Density/MapServer • USA Median Household Income (Mature Support):http://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Median_Household_Income/MapServer • USA Average Household Size:http://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Average_Household_Size/MapServer • USA Population Younger than Age 18 (Mature Support):http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Percent_Under_18/MapServer • USA Median Home Value: http://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Median_Home_Value/MapServer

30. CONCLUSION Click Prototype • Online ArcGIS Prototype • Click link to return to project site • Please leave any questions, comments or feedback here Click Site Click Contact Page