IEEE 1394, USB, and AGP High Speed Transfer

1. IEEE 1394, USB, and AGPHigh Speed Transfer

2. AGP • Accelerated Graphics Port • Intended to create a faster means of retrieving data from the computer to the graphics card • Simply enhanced from the PCI architecture • Designed by Intel Corporation

3. AGP – Purpose Of Design • As technology progresses and overall demand increases, the demand from the user for fast and smooth flowing graphics also increases • Software demands are continuously growing • 3D Rendering has a high demand for memory bandwidth

4. AGP vs. PCI • Enhanced from PCI architecture running at 66 MHz • Four Enhancements Made: • Deeply Pipelined memory read and write operations, fully hiding memory access latency • Demultiplexing of address and data on bus to allow almost 100% bus efficiency • New AC timing in the 3.3v electrical specification that provides for one or two data transfers per 66-MHz clock cycle, allowing for data throughput in excess of 500 MB/s • A new low voltage electrical specification that allows four data transfers per 66MHz clock cycle, providing real data throughput of up to 1 GB/s Intel Corporation (AGP Interface Specification)

5. AGP vs. PCI • Architecture of AGP is identical to PCI except for the four enhancements of AGP • AGP’s work on an independent bus than that of the PCI ports • The physical make-up of PCI cards and AGP cards are not interchangeable

6. IEEE 1394 • Created by Apple in 1986 • FireWire • IEEE standard 1394 created 1995 • High speed data transfer • Up to 400 mb/s • Working on 1 gb/s • Much faster than IDE and SCSI

7. IEEE 1394 – Cable Design • 6 wires • Two power • Two twisted pairs

8. IEEE 1394 – Limitations • 1394 Cable can not exceed 4.5 meters • Can be increased • 63 1394 devices can be connected in a chain • Non-cyclical

9. IEEE 1394 – Application • Video • Audio • Hard Drives • DVD

10. USB • Universal Serial Bus • Designed by Intel Corporation • Originally Designed for: • Connection of PC to Telephone • Ease-Of-Use • Port Expansion

11. USB 2 • USB 2 was born as a modification of the original USB architecture • Designed to deal with the increasing technology demand and increasing need to deal with large amounts of data • Digital Media is a perfect example of increasing needs to deal with large amounts of data due to high resolution pictures and movies which create high density files

12. USB 1 vs. USB 2 • USB 1 • Minimum transfer rate of 1.5 MB/s • Maximum transfer rate of 12 MB/s • USB 2 • Maximum transfer rate of 480 MB/s • USB 2 has a maximum transfer rate 40x faster than USB 1!

13. USB - Connectors • Connector A is commonly located upstream from the host • It usually connects to the PC • Connector B is commonly located downstream from the USB device • It usually connects to the peripheral

14. USB – So Much More • There is a much more complex system behind USB than what has been shown here • USB often supplies its peripherals with its own power supply, indicating a sophisticated electrical system • Most of the concepts are out of our comprehension at this point • These concepts can be found in the USB Specification found at WWW.INTEL.COM