Ch. 12 Brazil

1. Bell Work: Get netbook/log-in Get Books/Worksheets Be Ready Right away Ch. 12Brazil

2. Days objectives Learning objectives • Environmental and Economic Challenges of the NE • How has urbanization affected SE • Why has govt. encouraged urban/economic growth in Brazilian highlands • Main Characteristics of Amazon river basin ecosystem Vocabulary • Escarpment • Setao • favela

3. Environmental and Economic Challenges of the NE • Environmental Challenges • Sertao • Tropical wet/dry climate • Droughts may last well over a year • Soil becomes so hard that when it does rain the soil cannot absorb it • Economic Challenges • Severe Poverty • Poor nutrition and wealth lead to life expectancy of reaching 48 • Family income may be 1/3 that of someone in the SE

4. How has urbanization affected SE • SE is the Economic Heartland of Brazil • Only 10.9% of Area • 40% of Population • Humid Sub-tropical climate and fertile soil • Ideal for Farming • Grow large amounts of Cash Crops like cotton, sugar cane, rice, and cacao • Biggest and most important is COFFEE • Major Cities of Sao Paulo and Rio De Jeneiro • People have left rural in search of more excitement • W/out experience/education many have settled for low-paying jobs or none at all • Led to development of Favelas (read quote on pg. 257)

5. Why has govt. encouraged urban/economic growth in Brazilian highlands • Map pg. 256 • Located north of SE region in an interior area of hills on the country’s central Plateau • Hoping to boost development away from coastal cities Brazil made Brasilla the new capital

6. Main Characteristics of Amazon river basin ecosystem • Largest/least explored of the regions • Covers more than ½ the country • Moist trade winds blow from the Atlantic ocean producing large amounts of rainfall • Results in one of the most diverse ecosystems in the world • Only 10% of Brazil lives in the Basin • Among them a large percentage of Indians • These Indians #s have been devastated much like that in the US, because of improved access around the country

7. Lesson Closing • Put away all work • Get on Laptops and go to Sharepoint • Click on link under today's tasks • Play For 10 Minutes • Complete all of Sect. 1 Quiz • Covered Tomorrow

8. Vocabulary • Escarpment • Steep cliff between two level areas @ different heights • Sertao (Ser TY oh) • Interior Plateau in Brazil with poor soil and uncertain rain • Favela • “Slum communities” • People with no/little paying jobs end up in these

9. Bell Work • Grab Notes • Get books • Read Section 2 • Have Sect. 1 Quiz Out and ready • Go Over Quiz

10. Learning Objectives Objectives • Economic challenges faced by the urban/rural poor • How have Brazilian Govt policies affected the economy? • What effects has economic growth had on the labor force in Brazil • How has economic development contributed to environmental change? Vocab • Plantation • Gasohol • Deforestation • Ecotourism

11. Economic challenges faced by the urban/rural poor • Economic Challenges • Poorest people live in Urban favelasand the rural NE • Urban Challenges • Many families cannot feed/house children let alone school them • Children run around homeless begging for $$ for food • Rural Challenges • Agricultural conditions lie in the hands of the wealthy plantation owners • Few people own land, if they do it is only for subsistence farming

12. How have Brazilian Govt policies affected the economy? • Govt has taken large step to address burden on poverty • Aims= to boost growth of industry and encourage development of the country’s interior • Implemented 1st of these industries • Steel Mills • Oil Refineries • Hydroelectric dams • Bank to lend $$ to developing Business owners • These industries led to the expansion of coastal cities • Govt then moved capital inland to Brasilia, gave away land, permits, and built new roads to encourage migration

13. What effects has economic growth had on the labor force in Brazil • Has transformed itself from a primarily agricultural economy into an industrial and service economy • Led to manufacturing = over 1/3 of GDP • Majority of the work for is in these two areas • Industrial (1/3) • Manufacturing, construction, or mining • Service industries (over ½) • Hotels, retail stores, govt. officials • Growth has led to a growing/educated middle class

14. How has economic development contributed to environmental change? • With economic development has come some problems • Increase in poverty in Industrial Cities • Not enough work for large migration of people • Deforestation caused by Farming Problems • Soil washes away from Amazon farms w/out thick vegetation • In order to survive farmers clear away more and more land

15. Lesson Closing • Get on Netbook • Go to sharepoint • Go to interactive site • Play the game at least 10 total times w/ and w/out outlines • When done finish HW and work on Country Project

16. Vocabulary • Plantation • Large commercial farms, owned by wealthy • Gasohol • New alcohol-based fuel, mix of gasoline and ethanol • Deforestation • Permanent removal of woodland, threatens #s of plant/animal life in Amazon • Ecotourism • Tourism that encourages environmental awareness, and has little effect on the ecosystem