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Austria

Austria. By: Victoria and Shandra. The Congress of Vienna. Took place in Vienna of Austria after Napoleons rule to put Europe back together Emerged as one of the strongest powers in Europe

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Austria

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  1. Austria By: Victoria and Shandra

  2. The Congress of Vienna • Took place in Vienna of Austria after Napoleons rule to put Europe back together • Emerged as one of the strongest powers in Europe • Regained all of the land that it had before Napoleon's reign, also gained more land from Russia and Italy • The Holy Roman Empire had collapsed and formed the German Confederation which was lead by Austria and Prussia

  3. Balance of Power • Balance of power in Europe was made uneven in Europe after the unification of Germany • Austria was considered one of the stronger Countries

  4. Legitimacy • Franz I of Austria 1806-1835 • Ferdinand I 1835-1848 • Franz Josef I 1848-1916 • All considered legitimate rulers due to the fact that they are all under the line of the Habsburg Dynasty which extends all the way back to 1273 with Rudolf I

  5. Alliances • Dual Alliance • Germany and Austria promised to protect each other against Russia • Austro-Serbian Alliance • Alliance with Serbia to keep Russia from gaining control of it • Triple Alliance • Austria and Germany made an alliance with Italy to stop it from taking sides with Russia

  6. Political Reforms • Returned to a monarchy • Dual monarchy established with Hungary in 1876 • Each part had its own legislature, constitution, and capital but had one emperor, Franz Josef I

  7. Foreign Policy • Metternich was the main person at the Congress of Vienna and at his suggestion Carlsbad congress issued the Carlsbad decrees • These included dispatched secret police to stifle democratic nationalists and press censorship • Metternich sent many troops out to suppress revolts • Austria supported French troops being sent by the congress of Verona to calm unrest in Spain and restore the old regime there

  8. Domestic policy • Although Metternich had the high profile, it was really the emperor being conservative and his dislike for the ideas of the French Revolution that made the Domestic Policy • A new civil and penal code was issued in the early 19th century • Politics and culture was kept under close watch to keep from spread of nationalism and liberalism

  9. Austria-Hungary

  10. Conservatism/Liberalism • Due to the fact that the emperor had very strong conservative views, liberalism activities would be immediately stifled • The emperors laws were organized is a way that showed his fear of liberalism as well as nationalism • Liberalism was at its peak in the 1848 revolution, when civil liberty and written constitution were key demands of the revolutionary movement

  11. Nationalism • Austrian government was threatened deeply by nationalism of its provinces especially the slavs • This is because the country is made up of several nationalities which could cause conflict between provinces • This put fear into the government because if conflict were to arise, then the country could very well be torn apart due to this nationalism

  12. Imperialism • Austria had no overseas colonies • It did however have many provinces that it controlled throughout Europe itself such as Poland, Croatia, Romania, and Slovakia

  13. Infrastructure • They had very extensive railway systems

  14. Industrialization • In 1843, the population had risen to about 37.5 million people which was 40% more than in 1792 • This is important because the country had a sufficient labour force • Railways were now extensive enough that they could transport people from town to town on daily business • This also would improve the transportation of goods from city to city

  15. Major Political Players • Metternich • Lead the Congress of Vienna • Restored the old regime of monarchies • Had the ideas for legitimacy of rulers and also for balance of power • Minister for Austria

  16. Revolution • Economic depression due to rise in food prices from poor harvest • 1848 Revolution breaks out in Vienna • All parts of the empire were striving for autonomy and independence • Austria wanted a representative government • Metternich resigned and universal male suffrage was passed • Prince Felix con Schwarzenberg replaced Metternich and convinced Ferdinand I to abdicate and leave the throne to his son Franz Josef I

  17. Militarism • Austria-Hungary had 3 armies, the Austria and Hungary armies and there was also an imperial army • Although they had the capability to mobilize about 2 million men, that was a relatively small amount compared to other countries like France • They used propaganda to expand the size of the army during times of need during war

  18. bibliography • "1848 Timeline." Chico Unified School District - CUSD Main - CUSD Homepage - CUSD Homepage. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.cusd.chico.k12.ca.us/~bsilva/projects/revs/1848time.html>. • "Austria - Domestic Policies." Country Data. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-788.html>. • "Austria - The The Congress of Vienna." Country Studies. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://countrystudies.us/austria/20.htm>. • "Congress of Vienna -." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna>. • "Counts, Dukes, Kings & Emperors: Rulers of Austria." Austria Sightseeing Guide & Travel Information: TourMyCountry.com. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.tourmycountry.com/austria/monarchy.htm>. • Duiker, William J. World history. 4th ed. Vol. Comprehensive. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2004. Print. • "File:Hungarian railway system.svg -." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hungarian_railway_system.svg>. • "Metternich." World History. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/persons6_n2/metternich.html>.

  19. bibliography • "Causes of World War One." History on the Net Main Page. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW1/causes.htm>. • "Austrian Imperial Army." Spartacus Educational - Home Page. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWaustriaA.htm>. • "RP's History Online - Industrialization." Hlavnístrana - Radio Praha. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. <http://archiv.radio.cz/history/history08.html>. • "WHKMLA : History of Austria : Foreign Policy, 1815-1848." Zentrale f. Web. 17 Feb. 2010. <http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/germany/au181548for.html>.

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