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Look at your mineral water label. Where do the dissolved minerals come from? How do you think the minerals affect the water?. Hard Water. We are learning to: appreciate the problems associated with hard water areas. use observation skills during a practical. Scum and Scale.
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Look at your mineral water label Where do the dissolved minerals come from? How do you think the minerals affect the water?
Hard Water We are learning to: appreciate the problems associated with hard water areas. use observation skills during a practical.
Scum and Scale Scum: formed when soap reacts with hard water. You need much more soap to make a lather with hard water, because it reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions in the hard water. Calcium stearate and magnesium stearate (scum) Sodium Stearate (soap) Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions (from hard water) + Na+ ions (soluble in water) +
Scum and Scale Scale: formed when hard water is boiled. Limescale can build up in kettles and heating systems. It makes them less efficient because limescale doesn’t conduct heat. CaCO3 (limescale) H2O (water) Ca2+ (from hard water) 2HCO3- + CO2 (carbon dioxide) + +
Hard Water We are learning to: appreciate the problems associated with hard water areas. use observation skills during a practical.