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Warm Up: Images Notes On: World War I Closing Activity: Quotes Review

Warm Up: Images Notes On: World War I Closing Activity: Quotes Review. Causes of the War. -Lots of Instability Nationalism – Devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation – leads to competition between nations. Could be rivals based on ethnicity as well

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Warm Up: Images Notes On: World War I Closing Activity: Quotes Review

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  1. Warm Up: ImagesNotes On: World War IClosing Activity: QuotesReview

  2. Causes of the War -Lots of Instability Nationalism – Devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation – leads to competition between nations. Could be rivals based on ethnicity as well Old Empires – Colonies supplied the controlling country with raw materials and provided markets for manufactured goods Old Style Gov’ts – Leads to militarism – development of armed forces and their use as a tool of diplomacy - Competition Alliance System – Two major defense alliances in Europe – meant to provide a measure of international security

  3. Alliances -Led to an arms race – Germany and Britain compete over Navy -Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (Central Powers)- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire 1) Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. 3) Germany defends A-H by declaring war on Russia and France, 5) Germany attacks France through Belgium -Triple Entente - (Allies) France, Britain, Russia 2)Russia defends Serbia, 4)France joins due to Germany’s declaration and Russia’s Alliance, 6)G.B. enters when Belgium is invaded

  4. Strategy -War starts Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand - Heir to Austrian throne – shot by Serbian Nationalist -Alliances cause chain reaction to Austria-Hungary’s attack on Serbia after the assassination Schlieffen Plan – Hold on Russia, Go through Belgium to France, Take Paris, France Falls, THEN attack Russia

  5. Strategy -War develops into trench warfare after initial German advance failed to defeat France Two parallel systems from Belgian Coast to Swiss Alps -Germany wants to defeat Russia first if faced with two front war (1917) Russia was weakening – France was holding Firm – Switch in Strategy -Allies want to force fighting on two fronts and get help from U.S. Spreading out German resources if forced to fight on two fronts

  6. U.S. Neutrality -U.S. declares neutrality in the war – saw no reason to join a struggle 3,000 miles away – no threat to U.S. property or lives -develops sympathy for the Allied cause – common ancestry – similar democratic institutions and legal systems. Germany began to viewed as the bullying country – Economic ties to Allies -Begins to export war materials First two years of war requests came, materials sent out – even with millions shipped requests still coming -Submarine warfare begins German response to British Blockade w/ U-Boat, anything near Britain would be sunk -Wilson wins 1916 election on slogan “He kept us out of war!” -isolationist policy

  7. Stalemate -Trench warfare - Armies fight for small yards of ground Over the Top – Attacking opposing trench No Man’s Land – A barren expanse of mud, shell craters, and barbed wire in which no one would go w/o the chance of being shot w/ a machine gun -New Type of War new technology – Machine Gun, Tanks submarines – Germany U-Boats airplanes – Front mounted machine guns – “dog fights” – loaded with bombs

  8. Stalemate horrible weapons poison gas -mustard gas – yellow-green chlorine filled gas – sickened suffocated, burned, and blinded it’s victim

  9. U.S. Enters War -U.S. continues to export war materials Germany had few food imports from U.S. due to British Blockade. Britain was getting all its supplies in, while Germany is approaching a famine -German u-boats sink any ships they find Lusitania sinks, 1915 - carried ammunition & civilians – 1,198 die, 128 of those were American Sussex Pledge After sinking the Sussex, Germany promised to stop unrestricted submarine warfare to keep U.S. relations

  10. U.S. Enters War -Wilson wins 1916 election calls for peace Germany renews unrestricted submarine warfare – U.S. said it must now go to war, but not without an “Actual over act” -Zimmerman Note Attempt to get Mexico involved in war vs. U.S. Germany would “give” Mexico the land it lost during the Mexican War for helping Mexico fight the U.S. should it decide to enter war on behalf of the Allies

  11. “The world must be made safe for democracy.” Woodrow Wilson • “We are a composite and cosmopolitan people. We are of the blood of all the nations that are at war.” Wilson’s 2nd Inaugural • “We intend to begin unrestricted submarine warfare…We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the U.S. neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance…” Arthur Zimmerman, 1917 German Foreign Secretary • “Hospital trains brought them filthy, hungry, exhausted to us. Many of them had their faces blown away; pus flowed down their chests…Hideous mutilation was the rule, not the exception.” WW I Nurse Katrina Herzer • “We desire neither conquest nor advantage. We wish nothing that can be had only at the cost of another people. We always professed unselfish purpose and we covet the opportunity to prove our professions are sincere…” Wilson’s 2nd Inaugural

  12. Video Questions: • What is the 94th squadron? • What award did they receive? • Before entering the military, what was Eddie doing? • What newspaper story did reporters claim was true about Eddie? • Name one weapon we studied that the video mentioned, and one that we did not

  13. Video Questions (cont) • What happened to Eddie when going to England? • When back in the U.S. what was Eddie’s mission? • What was Eddie when he first entered the war? What did he eventually get to do? • What percentage is there for being injured or killed in the war?

  14. Video Questions (cont.) • What’s the worst death for a pilot? • What title/honor seemed to be a curse? • What message did the pilots receive? • What award did Eddie receive after the war? • What did Eddie predict would happen later?

  15. Quiz

  16. This was the system of agreements which caused the nations of Europe to go to war in a chain reaction?

  17. Which group was composed of England, France, and Russia?

  18. This is an intense feeling of patriotism and pride in one’s country?

  19. Which group was composed of Germany, Austria, and the Ottoman Empire?

  20. What was President Wilson’s campaign slogan for the 1916 election?

  21. What was the US policy toward the beginning of the war?

  22. Name the intercepted German telegram that urged Mexico to enter the war against the US to prevent the US from aiding the Allies?

  23. What new weapon did the German government begin to use against trade that angered world opinion?

  24. Name two new weapon technologies used in the war with devastating effects?

  25. What type of warfare was commonly fought in WW I?

  26. The war started with the political assassination of this man?

  27. Name the British ocean liner that was sunk by Germany that angered many Americans?

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