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DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCTION. Chapter 1: Introduction to Digital Video Production LECTURER’S NAME: Pn Nor Azura Bt Fandi. Theory of Digital Video-1940s. 1940S- The development of broadcast cameras and television set in and slowly become part of everyday life.
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DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCTION Chapter 1: Introduction to Digital Video ProductionLECTURER’S NAME: Pn Nor Azura Bt Fandi
Theory of Digital Video-1940s • 1940S- The development of broadcast cameras and television set in and slowly become part of everyday life. • 1943 to 1946 - a full decade and more after the rise of sound film production, Advances in film technology (sound recording, lighting, special effects, cinematography and use of color) meant that films were more watchable and 'modern'. • Following the end of the war, Hollywood's most profitable year in the decade was 1946, with all-time highs recorded for theatre attendance. • The most subtle of all wartime propaganda films was the romantic story of self-sacrifice and heroticism in Michael Curtiz' archetypal 40s studio film Casablanca (1942).
1950s • 1950s – it was a treat simply to have a television set in home. • In 1951, NBC became America's first nationwide TV network, and in just a few years, 50% of US homes had at least one TV set. • In March of 1953, the Academy Awards were televised for the first time by NBC - and the broadcast received the largest single audience in network TV's five-year history. • By 1954, NBC's Tonight Show was becoming one of the most popular late-night TV shows.
1960s • 1960s- world life coverage of an astronaut walking on the moon. • In addition to throngs of people crowding highways and beaches near the launch site, millions watched the event on television, with NASA Chief of Public Information Jack King providing commentary. • President Richard Nixon viewed the proceedings from the Oval Office of the White House.
Cont.. • At 02:56 UTC on July 21 (10:56pm EDT, July 20), 1969, Armstrong made his descent to the Moon's surface and spoke his famous line "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind "exactly six and a half hours after landing.”
1970-21st • 1970s- the immediacy of television brought the events of the Vietnam War into the living rooms. • 21st century – additional modes of delivery such as satellite, cable and the Internet, video has developed into the primary source of world communication.
Evolution ‘n’ background • Video signal started as analog and has developed into digital. Analog digital (zeros or ones). • From tubes chips. • The eyes and ears see the final result as analog, no matter how digital the equipment is used to capture an image. • In early days of television, video was captured, recorded and reproduced as an analog signal, and a medium storage was videotape, which is a magnetic medium. • With the digital technology, the primary system for signal reproduction become solid-state electronics, incorporating servers and computers. • This create a file-based system, rather than taped based system that allow random, or non linear.
VHS to DVD • 1970s – Betamax (Betamax (sometimes termed Beta) is an obsolete home videocassette tape recording format developed by Sony, and released on May 10, 1975. The cassettes contained 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) wide videotape in a design similar to the earlier, professional 3/4 inch (19.05 mm) U-matic videocassette format)
VHS • VHS (Video Home System): Video Home System, better known by its abbreviation VHS, is a video tape recording standard developed during the 1970s. VHS was one-half of the famous VHS vsBetamax war. • VHS' innovations include longer playing time, faster rewinding and fast-forwarding, and a less complex tape transport mechanism. The open standard used for VHS technology allowed mass production without licensing costs. VHS would eventually come out as the winning video tape format, surpassing other tape formats by the 1990s.
Video8 vsBetamax • Video 8 and VHS – C: This format designed specifically for the video camera (now christened camcorder) market and both enabled an order of magnitude shift in camera size, raising portability to the fore in camera specification. • Video8 was launched into a market dominated by the VHS-C and Betamax formats. • In 1983 Sony Betamax had released the first camcorder called Betamovie. In response JVC released the compact VHS-C format which enabled the first handheld (rather than shoulder-mounted) camcorders. Sony's answer to these small cameras came in 1985 when they adopted the tape format created by Kodak the previous year that used Betamax-style U-load technology, but reduced the tape width from 12 millimeter to 8 millimeter, and the Video8 format was born.
Betacam SP • Betacam SP – Once an industry favorite. The original Betacam format was launched in August 7, 1982. It is an analogcomponent video format, storing the luminance, "Y", in one track and the chrominance, on other as alternating segments of the R-Y and B-Y components performing Compressed Time Division Multiplex, or CTDM. This splitting of channels allows true broadcast quality recording with 300 lines of horizontal luminance resolution and 120 lines chrominance resolution (versus ~30 for Betamax/VHS), on a relatively inexpensive cassette based format.
Digibeta • Digibeta: currently the industry favourite. All Betacam variants from (plain) Betacam to Betacam SP and Digital Betacam, use the same shape cassettes, meaning vaults and other storage facilities do not have to be changed when upgrading to a new format. The cassettes come in two sizes: S and L. Betacamcameras can only load S tapes, while VTRs can play both S and L tapes. The cassette shell and case for each Betacam cassette is colored differently depending on the format, allowing for easy visual identification. There is also a mechanical key that allows a video tape recorder to tell which format has been inserted.
Mini DV • Mini DV – Smallest of the digital video formats. Digital Video (DV) is a digital video format created by Sony, JVC, Panasonic and other video camera producers, and launched in 1995. Its smaller tape form factorMiniDV has since become a standard for home and semi-professional video production; it is sometimes used for professional purposes as well, such as filmmaking and electronic news gathering (ENG), which uses a tapes that is only slightly larger than a small box of matches.
Micro MV • MicroMV – newer format, can record digital video directly onto a DVD within the camera. Video from digital video cameras can also be downloaded directly into a computer.
HDV • HDV: a higher quality format. HDV is a format for recording and playback of high-definition video on a DV cassette tape. The format was originally developed by JVC and supported by Sony, Canon and Sharp. The four companies formed the HDV consortium in September 2003. Conceived as an affordable high definition format, HDV quickly caught on with many professional users due to its low cost, portability and image quality acceptable for many professional productions.
