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Issues in the Future of Learning Disabilities. Chapter 14. Co-occurring Disorders. ADHD: often difficult to determine differences between the two groups Issues relate to funding sources. Preschool Identification Issues. Federal initiatives Commission on Excellence in Special Ed. (2001)
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Co-occurring Disorders • ADHD: often difficult to determine differences between the two groups • Issues relate to funding sources
Preschool Identification Issues • Federal initiatives • Commission on Excellence in Special Ed. (2001) • No Child Left Behind: every child completes first several years with required reading skills • Preschool Learning Disabilities Services • Issues in identification and intervention • Able to measure intelligence • Difficult to measure academic achievement • Effectiveness of interventions is questionable according to some research, other research support early intervention
Transition and Adult Services • Lifelong focus on individuals with LD in preparation as productive citizens • Questioning the “product” of the school years • Emphasis on the use of technology to focus on adaptive needs of adults with LD in the workplace
Implication of Brain-Compatible Research for Learning • Explosive growth in understanding of the functions of the brain and central nervous system • Functional magnetic resonance imaging: view the learning process in the human brain while performing various cognitive tasks • Identified issues in working memory rather than deficits in short term to promote more rigorous memory strategies
Teacher Preparation • Shortage of trained and fully certified teachers in special education and will only get worse without increased funding • Curricular approaches emphasized in classroom affect the types of training for preservice teachers • Type of special education classroom affect the types of training
Teacher Competence • Scholars recommended 57 competencies for LD teachers • Only 16 competencies were included in the final list and were generic in nature • CEC developed a list of competencies – see webpage
Professional Improvement • Professional Improvement Plan (PIP): agreement between teacher and school district • Reading research: updated journals • Applying research • Conducting research • Participation in classes and in-services • Serving on State, Local, and Professional Committees