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Energy Cost Reduction Opportunities & Options for Hospitals

Energy Cost Reduction Opportunities & Options for Hospitals. Lucknow. Dalkia Energy Services Ltd ( Formerly DSCL Energy Services Co. Ltd.) The Great Eastern Centre, Ryder Tower, 70, Nehru Place, New Delhi 110019 Tel 0091 11 4079 1100, Fax 0091 11 4079 1101 07 July, 2011. Contents.

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Energy Cost Reduction Opportunities & Options for Hospitals

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  1. Energy Cost Reduction Opportunities & Options for Hospitals Lucknow Dalkia Energy Services Ltd (Formerly DSCL Energy Services Co. Ltd.) The Great Eastern Centre, Ryder Tower, 70, Nehru Place, New Delhi 110019 Tel 0091 11 4079 1100, Fax 0091 11 4079 1101 07 July, 2011 Direction or Department name

  2. Contents • Energy Use in Hospitals • Potential for Energy cost reduction in Hospitals • Implementing and Energy Management Program

  3. 1 Energy Usage in Hospitals Contents Energy Streams Used in Hospital Energy Uses in Hospital Electricity Consumption Pattern in Hospital Benchmarking Energy Consumptions DESL

  4. Energy Streams Used in Hospital • Electricity • Lighting, Medical equipments, HVAC Systems, Water pumping, Hot water generation, Laundry equipments, Lifts, Kitchen & Canteen equipments, Computers & Printers, Communication facilities, UPS, etc • Heat Stream - HFO, LDO, HSD, LPG & NG • Autoclaves, Hot water generation, Laundry equipments ( Washers, dryer & Press), Kitchen & Canteen, etc • Cold Stream • HVAC • Compressed Air • Medical purpose • Technical Purpose

  5. Energy Uses in Hospital • Energy consumption and cost break-up for a typical hospital

  6. Electricity Consumption Pattern in Hospital • Electricity consumption for major end-users

  7. Electricity Consumption Pattern in Hospital

  8. Benchmarking Energy Consumption • Most common and Internationally used indicators are • Annual energy consumption per square meter of the building area

  9. Benchmarking Energy Consumption • Most common and Internationally used indicators are • Annual energy consumption per inpatient bed

  10. 2 Potential for Energy Cost Reduction Contents Supply Side Measures Lighting Energy Consumption Steam and Hot Water Systems Pumping Systems HVAC System Sensors DESL

  11. Energy Sources & Facilities in Hospitals(Comparison of cost value of heat content of various fuels) Indication of opportunities for fuel shift where ever possible in a Hospital setup Footer

  12. Energy Sources & Facilities in HospitalsFuel Substitution • Cost difference between NG and LDO/HSD is about 20 to 22% • Cost difference between NG & electricity is about 50% • Therefore savings in energy cost would be about 20-22% and 50% if electricity is used • Estimated investment would be about 50% of the expected savings. • Simple payback period: 6 Months. • Opportunities to replace LPG use in Kitchen/Canteen with NG This opportunity is possible where ever access is available for PNG. Additional advantage would be reduced pollution Footer

  13. Energy Sources & Facilities in Hospitals(Comparison of cost with various energy source combinations) 20 to 40% energy cost reduction potential exists by simply switching over to alternate fuels where ever applicable

  14. EE Opportunities – Lighting Systems • Typical share of energy consumption of lighting systems in Hospitals: 15-18% • Typical type of lighting systems in Hospitals: T-12 & T-8 FTL’s (4 ft and 2 Ft) with magnetic ballasts, Incandescent Lamps, 36W CFL’s with Magnetic ballasts, etc EE Opportunity Replacement of magnetic ballasts with electronic ballasts or with T-5 FTLs. Reorientation of the existing arrangements and reducing the number of fittings, maintaining the same lighting levels. Application of LEDs where ever possible Energy savings potential in lighting systems in hospitals: 30-50% (4.5to 9% of total energy bill) General simple payback period: 9 to 18 Months

  15. EE Opportunities – Lighting Systems Before: 2X40W FTL’s with Magnetic ballast & milky white sheet (Power-104 W) After: 1X36W FTL with Electronic ballast & reflector (Power: 36W) Double lux level & savings in power of 65% 65 130 Savings in power of 69% Before: 1X20W FTL with magnetic ballast Power: 32 W After: 2X5W CFL with Electronic ballast Power: 10 W 15

  16. EE Opportunities – Steam/Hot Water Systems • Typical share of energy consumption of Steam & Hot water systems in Hospitals: 30-45% • Typical Usage of steam & Hot water systems in Hospitals: Winter space heating, Hot water for bathing, hot water for kitchen, Steam for autoclaves, Steam to Laundry, Distilled water generation, etc EE Opportunity Performance improvement of steam generation & hot water generation units, Waste heat recovery opportunities, Condensate recovery, Steam consumption optimization in Laundry equipments, Substitution of electrical energy usage with steam, where ever possible Energy savings potential in steam & hot water systems in hospitals: 15-25% (5-8% of total energy Bill) General simple payback period: 6 to 18 Months

  17. Steam LDO tank Blower chimney Boiler Soft water Make: Walia Engg Capacity: 2 TPH Pressure: 10.5 kg/cm2 3 pass Feed water tank EE Opportunities – Steam/Hot Water Systems • Present System 280oC 20-30 Deg C

  18. EE Opportunities – Steam/Hot Water Systems Steam • Opportunity 150oC Blower Feed water tank 280oC chimney Boiler Soft water Heat Exchanger 50-60 Deg C Boiler feed water pump Savings in energy cost: Rs 15 Lacs per year. Investment: Rs 6-8 Lacs Payback: 6 months

  19. closed Hot air to 2B area Fresh air Recycled air Electrical heater (36 kW) Temp. sensor 24oC 27oC 38oC Two pumps running, one stdby 35oC EE Opportunities – Steam/Hot Water Systems • Present System Kirloskar 3.3 lps, 30 m 3 hp

  20. closed Fresh air Recycled air To hot water tank 24oC 27oC Existing pipe EE Opportunities – Steam/Hot Water Systems • Opportunity Savings in energy cost: Rs 1.5 Lacs /year Investment: Rs 1 Lacs Payback: 6 months

  21. EE Opportunities – Pumping Systems • Typical share of energy consumption of Pumping systems in Hospitals: 15-20%% • Typical Usage of Pumping systems in Hospitals: Raw water & Treated water pumping, Chilled water pumping systems, Cooling water pumping systems, Hot water pumping systems, etc. EE Opportunity Performance improvement of pumping systems, Optimization of operational practices, VFD applications where ever possible, Control systems in case of water storage Energy savings potential in pumping systems in hospitals: 15-25% (3-5% of total energy Bill) General simple payback period: 6 to 15 Months Footer

  22. EE Opportunities – Pumping System Design Details Raw Water Pumps Design Details Chlorinated Water Pumps Design Details Soft Water Pumps (AUTO Control) Footer

  23. A 01 A 02 Soft Water Tank Softening Plant Sand Filter Raw Water Pumps Chlorine dozing Raw Water Tank Chlorine water Tank EE Opportunities – Pumping System Raw Water Pumps: Operating Parameters Design Details

  24. EE Opportunity – Pumping System • Recommendation • Pump Replacement • Savings • Old efficiency: 45&52% • New Efficiency: 75% (Minimum) • Savings: 77000 Rs/Yr • Investment: 60000 Rs • Simple pay back: 9 Months Footer

  25. EE Opportunities – Pumping System A 03 Over-Head Tank A 04 Housing Complex Ambulatory Block (Cafeteria etc.) Chlorinated Water Pumps Chlorinated Water Tank Cardiac Block Chlorinated Water Pumps Operating Parameters Design Details What if water is pumped only to OHT and distributed to other areas by suitable pipe line connections

  26. Cafeteria Main Entrance Housing Blocks New Bldg. Wing A Wing B Service Block Chlorinated Water Pumps : Installation of level controllers EE Opportunities – Pumping System Chlorinated Water Tank

  27. EE Opportunities – Pumping System Chlorinated water circuit 15 hp

  28. C.T. Condenser Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 3 Return Chilled Water 300 TR Chiller No. 2 Primary Chiller Pumps Zone A Zone B Sec. Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 1 CTOT, Old Building AC Plant EE Opportunities – Pumping System Present Operating Practices: Irrespective of whether 1 or 2 Chillers are in operation 2 Condenser Pumps and 2 Primary Chiller Pumps are running .

  29. EE Opportunities – Pumping System EE Opportunities – Pumping System AC Plant Condenser Pumps Design Details Condenser Pumps Operating Details Single Condenser Pumps Operating Details

  30. Open Open Open EE Opportunities – Pumping System C.T. AC Plant Condenser Pumps On On Present Operating Practices: Condenser Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 3 Irrespective of the No. of Chillers Running Two No. of Condenser Pumps are running with valves Throttled from 60 to 80% Return Chilled Water 300 TR Chiller No. 2 Primary Chiller Pumps Zone A Zone B Sec. Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 1 CTOT, Old Building

  31. Close Close Open EE Opportunities – Pumping System C.T. Suggested ECM: Run One Condenser Pump only When One Chiller is Running + Install a new Condenser Pump with The following specifications On Off Condenser Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 3 Return Chilled Water New Running conditions 300 TR Chiller No. 2 Primary Chiller Pumps Old efficiency: 40-45% New Efficiency: 85% (Minimum) Savings: 150000 Rs/Yr Investment: 150000 Rs Simple pay back: 12 Months Zone A Zone B Sec. Pumps 300 TR Chiller No. 1 CTOT, Old Building

  32. EE Opportunities – Pumping System AC Plant -2 Condenser Pumps Design Details C.T. F 02 F 03 Condenser Pumps Chiller Pumps Design Details Return Chilled Water F 04 300 TR Chiller Old Bldg AHUs F 05 FCUs Chiller Pumps Cath Lab

  33. EE Opportunities – Pumping System AC Plant-2 Chiller Pumps Chiller Pumps Operating Parameters Mismatch in the pump selection Desired specifications of the pump at the operating conditions Flow: 170 CuM/Hr Head: 15 M Expected pump efficiency: 70% Expected power consumption:11 kW Only pumps need to be changed Investment for 2 pumps: Rs 2 Lac Savings in power:Rs. 3.3 Lacs per Year Simple payback: 7 Months

  34. EE Opportunities – HVAC • Typical share of energy consumption of HVAC systems in Hospitals: 30-40% • Typical Usage of HVAC systems in Hospitals: Comfort levels in summer & Winter, Process requirements (OT & Labs). EE Opportunity Performance improvement of HVAC systems, New technologies, Optimization of operational practices, VFD applications where ever possible, End use comfort temperature control Energy savings potential in HVAC systems in hospitals: 20-30% (6 to 12% of total energy Bill) General simple payback period: 6 to 15 Months Footer

  35. EE Opportunities – HVAC • Air Handling Units # 1 AHUs with Insulation Motor loading varies from 20 to 58% only Max: 58%, Min:20% Average: 46% Suggested to insulate the uninsulated AHUs Expected savings: Rs 1.5 Lacs Investment: Rs. 1.5 Lacs Simple payback: 1 Year AHUs without Insulation Motor loading varies from 28 to 99% only Max: 99%, Min: 27% Average: 60%

  36. EE Opportunities – HVAC • AHU # 2 (Motor Loading) At least 9 AHU motors are loaded at less than 50% Suggested Delta to star conversion Expected savings: Rs. 1.75 Lacs Investment: Rs. 0.5 Lacs Footer

  37. EE Opportunities – HVAC • Maintenance of Comfort Conditions Temperature, 0C Max:26.7 Min:18.3 Avg:23 Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 37% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 41% More than 23-24 Deg: 22% Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 34% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 44% More than 23-24 Deg: 22% Temperature, 0C Max:26.1 Min:17.2 Avg:22.9 Temperature, 0C Max:29.4 Min:18.3 Avg:22.8 Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 24% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 54% More than 23-24 Deg: 22% Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 27% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 54% More than 23-24 Deg: 19% Temperature, 0C Max:28.3 Min:18.3 Avg:22.7 Footer

  38. EE Opportunities – HVAC • Maintenance of Comfort Conditions Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 16% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 80% More than 23-24 Deg: 4% Temperature, 0C Max:25.6 Min:18.3 Avg:22.3 Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 32% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 61% More than 23-24 Deg: 7% Temperature, 0C Max:25.6 Min:15.6 Avg:21 Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 45% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 45% More than 23-24 Deg: 10% Temperature, 0C Max:25.6 Min:18.3 Avg:22.7 Temperature, 0C Max:25.6 Min:18.3 Avg:22.5 Comfort temperature 23-24 deg C: 43% Less than 23-24 Deg C: 47% More than 23-24 Deg: 10% Footer

  39. Trial date: 11.05.06 to 19.05.06 New lab AHU Power consumption without VFD (Kw) 3.84 VFD starting run hrs on 11.05.06 299 VFD end run hrs 19.05.06 462.7 kWh on 11.05.06 431.1 kWh on 19.05.06 764.1 kWh consumption 333 Average power consumption with VFD 2.034208919 Power savings 1.805791081 Power reduction 47% EE Opportunities – HVAC • 9 AHU’s identified, where VFD’s could be installed • Investment : 6-8 Lac • Savings : Rs 10 Lacs Footer

  40. EE Opportunities – Occupancy Sensors • Occupancy sensors in officers rooms with window A/C • Number of Rooms: 15 • Proposal: Occupancy sensors to switch off the lights and A/C when the rooms are not occupied • Expected savings: Rs 60,000 (Minimum) • Expected Investment: Rs 75,000 • Simple payback: 15 Months Footer

  41. EE Opportunities – Summary Considerable potential exists in the Hospital setups for energy cost reduction. Opportunities range from about 19 to 35%. If fuel substitutions and Trigeneration concepts are introduced, the savings would be as high as 50%

  42. 3 Implementing an Energy Management Program Contents Systematic Energy Efficiency Study Implementation Under Performance Contract DESL

  43. Option 1 : Systematic EE Study Footer

  44. Option 1 : Systematic EE Study • Effective to understand the existing energy consumption patterns, system performance, comparison with bench marks and to identify energy saving potentials & investment requirements. • The auditor would not be responsible for the recommendations provided by him. • In some cases few measures would be undertaken by the facility people for implementation. • But most of the measures would remain un-implemented due to time requirement, technical expertise, confidence on the technology and funds. • M&V may not take place and the results would go unnoticed by the management Footer

  45. Option 2 : Implementation Under ESCO Model of Performance Contracting (SS) Footer

  46. Option 2 : Implementation Under ESCO Model of Performance Contracting Option 1 : Systematic EE Study • PC is packaging tech.aid and funding for EE investments; Using savings to pay for investment • ESCO is one that provides energy and financial services to energy consumer • ESCO bears the risk, by investing funds and recuperating it thru’ savings shared with client • Client invests less or no money and at same time reaps desired benefits • Responsibility for results taken by experts offering PC Footer

  47. Option 2 : Implementation Under ESCO Model of Performance Contracting A Performance Contract guarantees that the cost savings from an EE project will pay for the costs of the improvements at a facility. • Working Mechanism End user’s savings Payment to ESCO Energy Bill Energy Bill After the contract During the contract (less than life span) Before Transfer of the equipment property End of the contract Project Start-up Contract signed Footer

  48. Option 3 : Implementation Under ESCO Model of Performance Contracting (GS) Footer

  49. Option 3 : Implementation Under ESCO Model of Performance Contracting Option 1 : Systematic EE Study • ESCO provides guarantee for the savings of the agreed projects for implementation • ESCO provides assistance during implementation. • ESCO fees are payable from the savings (Agreed percentage) for a period of one year. • If achieved savings are less than guaranteed, it would be factored in the fees payable to ESCO (Client’s savings portion will remain the same.) Footer

  50. Audit Vs PC Energy Audit ESCO PC Projects - Implementation Identify the potential areas for ABC analysis, to address in-house concerns and to prioritize the focus area of study Selection of energy saving projects for implementation Detailed engineering of individual options. Cost benefit analysis of individual option. Data collection Data validation Extracting the best option No Yes Data analysis and EE opportunities Project Planning, Vendor selection, Base line establishment Steering committee Site trials If any? Material procurement Implementation Yes No Drafting solution themes, vendor Interaction, report making/presentation Post measurement and verification Savings Establishment

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