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Bones

Bones. Andrew Richards & Ryan Swenson. What is Bone?. Dense connective tissue Osseous tissue that is calcified (Seen Right) Also contains high quantities of water Classified as fat-free mass in the two-compartment model of body composition. Functions of Bone.

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Bones

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  1. Bones Andrew Richards & Ryan Swenson

  2. What is Bone? • Dense connective tissue • Osseous tissue that is calcified (Seen Right) • Also contains high quantities of water • Classified as fat-free mass in the two-compartment model of body composition

  3. Functions of Bone Provide structure and support to the body Provide protection for vital organs Allow for movement and locomotion Hematopoeisis (Blood Cell Formation) Mineral storage

  4. Classification of Bone Long Bone- Considered longer than it is wide. Examples- Femur, radius, and ulna. Short bone- Roughly cubical. Examples- Metacarpals and metatarsals. Flat Bone- Thin, flattened, and usually slightly curved. Examples: Skull and sternum. Irregular Bone- Fit none of the previous classes. Example: Vertebrae and sacrum.

  5. Classifications of Bone (Images) -Clockwise from top left: -Long Bone (Femur) -Irregular Bone (Vertebrae) -Short bone (Metacarpals) -Flat Bone (Frontal, occipital & parietal bones)

  6. How many? • Born with more than 270 bones, slowly fuse after birth • Adult skeleton has 206 • Appendicular Skeleton (Limbs)-126 bones • Axial Skeleton (Torso, hips, skull)-74 bones • Auditory Ossicles- 6 bones

  7. Types of Bone • Cortical (Compact) Bone- composes 80% of adult skeleton • Dense and solid, surrounds marrow space, outer shell • Provides functions such as support, protection, and lever for movement. • Trabecular (Spongy) Bone-composes 20% of adult skeleton • Honeycomb-like network of plates and rods within the bone marrow compartment, found within cortical bone • Different categories of bones have different ratios of composition • Both composed of Osteons • Cortical Osteons-Haversian systems-cylindrical in shape, comprised of Lamellae that forms the walls of canal • TrabecularOsteons- Called packets- comprised of plates and rods

  8. How much is there? Skeleton contributes roughly 13-20% of total body weight (including water and other tissues found inside bones) In reference male, this would be approximately 21-32 lbs of bone. In reference female, approximately 16-25 lbs of bone

  9. Where is it found? Left: DEXA scan showing bone to be very deep tissue in the body • Found throughout the entire body, as it provides the structure for the entire body • All connected, with the exception of the hyoid bone and auditory ossicles • Among the deepest tissue in the human body • Not “stored” inside any other tissue such as water & adipose

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