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Quantitative Analysis of Phrasing Strategies in Expressive Performance:. Computational Methods and Analysis of Performances of Unaccompanied Bach for Solo Violin. Authors : Eric Cheng and Elaine Chew Year: 2008 Presentation by : Elvira Burdiel Galende ELEM021, Queen Mary University
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QuantitativeAnalysis of PhrasingStrategies in Expressive Performance: Computational Methods and Analysis of Performances of Unaccompanied Bach for Solo Violin Authors: Eric Cheng and Elaine Chew Year: 2008 Presentationby: Elvira BurdielGalende ELEM021, Queen Mary University 19 March 2012
Introduction 1/2 • Goal – Quantitativeanalysis of phrasingstrategies of expressive performance in violin. • Andante movementfromBach’s Sonata No.2 in A minor BWV 1003 for solo violin • Regular pulse • Unambiguousphrasestructure • 11 recorded performances + average • Unlimitedmusicianfreedomonexpressive performance?
Introduction 2/2 • Look forindicator of phrasingstrategy: • Tempo extraction • Loudness/dynamicsextraction • Analysis of phrasingstrategiesvia LMPD method • Phrasestrength - clarity • Phrasevolatility – variability of strength • Phrasetypicality – uniqueness of strategy
Tempo extraction • Violin:softindeterminedonsets • No reliable and accurateautomatic beat tracking tool • Manual onsetdetectionusing a digital waveform editor. • Tempo = inverse of inter-onsetinterval • Rectangular smoothingwindow
Dynamics extraction • Use twoexistingmodels: • 1- Single-band Leq (RLB) model • 2- Multiband PEAQ loudnessmodel • Sampleloudness at onsets • SmoothbyGaussianwindow • Test modelswith manual annotation • Correlationhigheron 2 -> methodchosen
Extracted data • Global means and ranges • Sectionmeans and ranges • 4 sections: A A’ B B’ • Phrasemeans and ranges
Data extraction - Phrasing • Loudness -> more consistent
LMPD Method • Local maximumonloudness per phrase • Phrasestrength (clarity) • Differencebetweenmax and adjacentmins • Phrasevolatility • Standard deviation of strengthover performance • Phrasetypicality (uniqueness) • Popularity of location of max
LMPD Conclusions • Finite number of local maxima counts • Phrase strength and volatility relates to listening perception • Typicality (uniqueness) vs greatness of performance
General conclusions • Significant differences between tempo and dynamics consistency with phrasing strategy • Different constraints of tempo and dynamics, different perceptions • Dynamics more consistent in this analysis, opposite on other studies • Cultural constructs