1 / 21

Chemical Bonding

Chemical Bonding. PO 4 3- phosphate ion. HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic Acid. C 2 H 3 O 2 - acetate ion. Types of Chemical Bonds. There are 3 types of bonding atoms: Ionic —complete transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another (one loses, the other gains)

marsden-reese
Download Presentation

Chemical Bonding

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chemical Bonding PO43- phosphate ion HC2H3O2 Acetic Acid C2H3O2- acetate ion

  2. Types of Chemical Bonds • There are 3 types of bonding atoms: • Ionic—complete transfer of 1 or more electrons from one atom to another (one loses, the other gains) • Covalent—some valence electrons shared between atoms • _________ – holds atoms of a metal together Most bonds are somewhere in between ionic and covalent.

  3. Common Names • A lot of chemicals have common names as well as the proper IUPAC name. • Chemicals that should always be named by common name and never named by the IUPAC method are: • H2O water, not dihydrogen monoxide • NH3 ammonia, not nitrogen trihydride

  4. COMPOUNDS FORMED FROM IONS CATION + ANION ---> COMPOUND Na+ + Cl- --> NaCl A neutral compound requires equal number of + and - charges.

  5. Predicting Charges on Monatomic Ions KNOW THESE !!!! +1 +2 +3 +/-4 -3 -2 -1 0 Cd+2

  6. Properties of Ionic CompoundsForming NaCl from Na and Cl2 • A metal atom can transfer an electron to a nonmetal. • The resulting cation and anion are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces.

  7. Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!

  8. Formulas of Ionic Compounds Formulas of ionic compounds are determined from the charges on the ions atoms ions  – Na  +  F :  Na+ : F :  NaF  sodium + fluorine sodium fluoride formula Charge balance: 1+1- = 0

  9. Monatomic Ions

  10. Writing a Formula Write the formula for the ionic compound that will form between Ba2+ and Cl. Solution: 1. Balance charge with + and – ions 2. Write the positive ion of metal first, and the negative ion Ba2+ ClCl 3. Write the number of ions needed as subscriptsBaCl2

  11. Learning Check Write the correct formula for the compounds containing the following ions: 1. Na+, S2- a) NaS b) Na2S c) NaS2 2. Al3+, Cl- a) AlCl3 b) AlCl c) Al3Cl 3. Mg2+, N3- a) MgN b) Mg2N3 c) Mg3N2

  12. Solution 1. Na+, S2- b) Na2S 2. Al3+, Cl- a) AlCl3 3. Mg2+, N3- c) Mg3N2

  13. Molecular (Covalent) Compounds All are formed from two or more nonmetals. CO2 Carbon dioxide Ionic compounds generally involve a metal and nonmetal (NaCl) BCl3boron trichloride CH4 methane

  14. COVALENT BONDbond formed by the sharing of electrons

  15. Covalent Bonds

  16. Bonds in all the polyatomic ions and diatomics are all covalent bonds

  17. NONPOLAR COVALENT BONDS when electrons are shared equally H2 or Cl2

  18. 2. Covalent bonds- Two atoms share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons. Oxygen Atom Oxygen Atom Oxygen Molecule (O2)

  19. POLAR COVALENT BONDS when electrons are shared but shared unequally H2O

  20. Polar Covalent Bonds: Unevenly matched, but willing to share.

More Related