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Substance Abuse Issues with Correctional Populations

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Substance Abuse Issues with Correctional Populations

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    1. Substance Abuse Issues with Correctional Populations

    2. Record Number of Offenders in US

    3. Drugs and Crime are Linked Regular Drug Use: 69% state, 64% federal prisoners1 Drug Dependence/Abuse 1, 2 53% jail; 53% state prison; 45% federal prison Drug Use at Time of Offense 1 violent crime: 28% state; 24% federal prison property crime: 39% state; 14% federal prison drug trafficking: 42% state; 34% federal prison Costs: $107 Billion for Drug-Related Crime 3

    4. Relapse to Drug Abuse in 3 Years 95% Relapse Criminal Recidivism in 3 Years 68% Re-arrested 47% Convicted 50% Re-incarcerated Threat to Public Health & Safety

    5. Impact of Research?

    6. Research Shows Treatment Can Work! (review of 154 studies)

    7. Texas In-Prison Treatment New Offenses 3-Year Return-to-Custody Rates (%)

    8. Effective Interventions

    9. Public Support for Alternatives Primary purpose of prison 1) Protect Society (31%) 2) Rehabilitate (25%) 3) Punish (20%) 86% agree that “We have too many low-risk, non-violent offenders in prison. We need alternatives to incarceration that cost less and save our expensive prison space for violent and career criminals.”

    10. What Works with “Highest Efficiency?”

    11. Research Results Impacting Policy During 2005 Texas legislative budget crisis, research findings led to spending $300 million on drug treatment, mental health services, probation services, and community supervision instead of $2 billion on building new prisons. Between 2005 and 2010, Texas incarceration rates fell 9% and crime rate fell 12.8%. “The public will be safer and we will spend less money!”—Representative Jerry Madden, a conservative Republican who heads the Texas Committee on Corrections.

    12. Current Research

    13. Identifying Who Needs Treatment

    14. Adapting Treatment Strategies

    15. Examining Innovative Approaches: TCU Mapping

    16. Implementing Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) MAT is the use of medications in combination with counseling and behavioral therapies to provide a whole-patient approach to the treatment of substance use disorders. Research shows that when treating substance use disorders, a combination of medication and behavioral therapies is most successful.

    17. Reducing HIV Risk After Prison The majority of HIV-infected inmates DO NOT fill their prescription for HIV medications after release. Risk of becoming infectious and spreading HIV increases dramatically without proper medication and medical care. It is critically important to find ways to facilitate linkage to post-release care and improve adherence to taking prescribed medications.

    18. An RCT of an Augmented Test, Treat, Link, & Retain Model for NC and TX Prisoners Principal Investigators: TCU Patrick Flynn Kevin Knight UNC Carol Golin David Wohl Sites – Two State Prisons: Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) North Carolina Department of Correction (NCDOC)

    21. That’s All Folks!

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