NIJ Science and Tech Program for Critical Incident Preparedness

1. National Institute of Justice Science and Technology ProgramTechnologies for Critical Incident Preparedness ConferenceBreakout Session 6Federal Resources 1

2. The National Institute of Justice? • Component of the U.S. Department of Justice’s Office of Justice Programs. • Research, development, and evaluation agency of the U.S. Department of Justice. • Dedicated to researching crime control and justice issues. • NIJ provides objective, independent, evidence-based knowledge and tools to meet the challenges of crime and justice, particularly at the State and local levels. • NIJ's principal authorities are derived from the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended (see 42 USC § 3721-3723) and Title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.

3. National Institute of Justice Bureau of Justice Assistance Bureau of Justice Statistics Office for Victims of Crime Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

4. NIJ’s Organization Senior Science Advisor David W. Hagy Director Chief of Staff Planning, Budget, Management & Admin. Division Communications Division Human Subjects Protection Officer International Center Program Evaluation Office of Research & Evaluation Marge Zahn Acting Deputy Director Office of Science & Technology John Morgan. Deputy Director Associate Deputy Director Associate Deputy Director Crime Control & Prevention Research Division Operational Technologies Division Justice Systems Research Division Investigative & Forensic Sciences Division Information & Sensor Technologies Division Violence & Victimization Research Division

5. NIJ’s Office of Science and Technology • Core missions • Establish and maintain advisory groups to assess technology needs. • Establish and maintain performance standards and test and evaluate technologies. • Work with other entities within the DoJ and other Federal agencies to establish a coordinated Federal approach to technology-related issues. • Conduct Research and Development and testing and evaluation to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of technology. • Provide technology information and assistance. • Operate the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center (NLECTC) System • Build capacity.

6. NIJ’s RDT&E Process Phase II: Develop technology program plans. Phase I: Determine technology needs Technology Working Groups, LECTAC, others identify technology gaps. Define requirements and identify solutions. NIJ Program Managers maintain multi-year program plans for portfolio RDT&E. Phase IV: Demonstrate, test, evaluate and adopt into practice Phase III: Develop solutions. Does it meet operational requirements? Are there existing solutions? NIJ tests and evaluates solutions. NIJ solicits applications to develop new solutions. Independent peer review and selection of developer. Yes No No Yes Is Development successful? NIJ assists first adopters of new technology. Research & Development Yes Phase V: Build capacity; conduct outreach No NIJ oversight and TWG review Does the solution improve practice, cost, public safety? NIJ publishes guides and standards and provides technology assistance to practitioners. No Yes

7. Setting OS&T’s Research Agenda • Bottom up approach rather than top down. • Based on practitioner-defined technology needs and requirements. • Technical Working Groups (TWGs) • Aligned with NIJ’s technology investment portfolios • Comprised of working-level practitioners from Federal, State, local and tribal agencies • Identify technology needs/requirements based on problem statements and desired outcomes. • Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Advisory Council (LECTAC) • Executive-level criminal justice practitioners • Assists NIJ in prioritization across portfolios and needs • Evaluation ofprogram success based on practitioner input.

8. FY08 LECTAC Priorities • Biometric and information technology-based tools to rapidly, accurately, and positively confirm the identity of individuals • Lightweight, flexible ballistic-resistant armor that maintains NIJ-rated level of protection for at least five years in daily field use, in conjunction with a test protocol to confirm the ongoing performance of field worn armor • Technology to locate, track, and communicate the whereabouts of predatory offenders in all environments • Improved contraband detection and monitoring technologies for institutional facilities, including wireless communication detection/defeat and staff identification, location and duress technologies • Portable digital device forensic examination hardware and software tools

9. FY08 LECTAC Priorities (cont.) • Technologies/tools to remotely detect and neutralize both body-worn and vehicle-borne Improvised Explosive Devices (IED’s) • Automated fingerprint information systems interoperability • Reliable, medically safe, and effective less lethal tools for law enforcement and corrections personnel to control combative/non-cooperative individuals, including Conducted Energy Device (CED) improvement and new Calmative Agents with a delivery system for same • Technology to control or stop pursuits using Cooperative technologies • Technology to detect concealed weapons on an individual

10. Setting OS&T’s Research Agenda • Open, competitive solicitations to address practitioner-defined needs/requirements. • Rigorous, independent peer review. • Two types of solicitations • Science and Technology • One per technology investment portfolio • Capacity building • DNA Backlog, Convicted Offender, Forensic Training, Coverdell, etc. • Science and technology solicitations structured in two phases • Concept paper • Full proposal

11. S&T Investment Strategy • Invest in research and development that will help to revolutionize the criminal justice system. • Invest in the highest potential payoff • Invest in the gaps • Not explosive detection • Significant DHS, DoD and DOE investment • Not IED-specific IT • Significant investment by others • LEO, BATS, TRIPwire • In remote weapons detection • Partnership and collaboration • Leverage other agencies investments where possible • Avoid unnecessary duplication of effort

12. Technology Investment Portfolios • Aviation (sensor platforms) • Biometrics • Body Armor • Communications • Community Corrections • Court Technologies • DNA Forensics • Electronic Crime • Explosive Device Defeat • General Forensics • Information Led Policing • Institutional Corrections • Less Lethal Technologies • Modeling and Simulation • Operations Research • Personal Protection Equipment • Pursuit Management • School Safety • Sensors and Surveillance Fast Capture of Finger/Palm Prints Bomb Robots Concealed Weapons Detection

13. Collaboration Combating Terrorism Homeland Security Criminal Justice

14. Partnerships • Collaboration is a core tenant of how the NIJ S&T Program is conducted • Decades old membership in Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) • Mandated in the HSA • Extensive set of agreements with military and DHS agencies under the umbrellas of • NIJ/DHS S&T/DoD Memorandum of Agreement on The Transfer of Technology Items and Equipment in Support of Homeland Security and Public Safety (November 2005) • NIJ/DHS S&T Memorandum Of Understanding on technology development for Law Enforcement and Response Applications (July 2004) • Formal international agreements • Australian National Institute of Forensic Science • Israeli Ministry of Public Security • Russian Science and Technology Center • Informal relationships • Royal Canadian Mounted Police • Home Office Scientific Development Bureau

15. Y C I N N E T G E A R R N E A T T I N TSWG O I N A L Critical Incident Technology Partners • DoD, DHS and DOJ Memorandum of Agreement on The Transfer of Technology Items and • Equipment in Support of Homeland Security and Public Safety (November 2005) (“1401 • MOA”) • DHS S&T and Office of Justice Programs Memorandum Of Understanding on technology • development for Law Enforcement and response applications (July 2004)

16. Role of the Center System • The Homeland Security Act identifies four basic missions for the NLECTC System: • Scientific and technical support to NIJ’s RDT&E projects • Support for the transfer and adoption of technology into practice by law enforcement and corrections agencies, courts and crime laboratories • Assistance in development and dissemination of technology guidelines and standards • Provision of technology assistance, information, and support to law enforcement and corrections agencies, courts and crime laboratories

17. The NLECTC System NLECTC Northeast Rome, NY NLECTC Northwest Anchorage, AK Rural LE Technology Center Hazard, KY Sensors, Surveillance and Biometircs COE New York, NY Weapons and Protective Equipment COE State College, PA Communications COE Camden, NJ Office of Law Enforcement Standards Gaithersburg, MD NLECTC Rocky Mountain Denver, CO NLECTC National Rockville, MD NLECTC West El Segundo, CA Border Research & Technology Center San Diego, CA Austin, TX NLECTC Southeast Charleston, SC Forensic COE Largo, FL National Law Enforcement & Corrections Technology Centers serving specific regions Specialty Offices and Centers

18. Standards & Testing • Covers the spectrum of public safety technology requirements • Ensure safe, dependable, effective equipment • Partnership with the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology • Five thrusts: • Performance testing methods • Evidentiary materials examination methods • Standards for equipment and operating procedures • Standard reference materials • Comparative Evaluations: • Patrol vehicles • Patrol vehicle tires • Replacement brake pads • Cut, puncture, and pathogen-resistant protective gloves

19. Current Standard Development Efforts: Ballistic Body Armor Standard (Revision) CBRN Protective Ensemble Standard for Law Enforcement (New) Holsters Standard (New) Handcuffs Standard (Revision) Bomb Suit Standard (New) Electronic Monitoring for Corrections Standard(New)

20. Ballistic Resistance of PersonalBody Armor: Revision of Standard • NIJ Body Armor Standard-0101.06 • Major Revisions: • Submersion of new armor prior to testing • Reduced shot-to-edge distance (from 3” to 2”) • Revised P-BFS shot pattern • Testing of multiple armor sizes • Improved ballistic limit testing (V50) • New sample quantities • Testing of conditioned armors • Introduction of enhanced Conformity Assessment Program

21. Chemical/Biological/Radiological/Nuclear (CBRN) Protective Ensemble Standard for Law Enforcement • Establishes the minimum requirements for the design, performance, testing, documentation, and certification of Law Enforcement protective ensembles and ensemble elements for protection from CBRN hazards • Standard also addresses the requirements associated with Law Enforcement mission-specific activities • Draft standard and certification program was released for public comment in August and comments are now being reviewed by STC.

22. Handcuffs Standard • Revision of NIJ Standard 0307.01 to include non-metallic materials used by law enforcement and corrections • Will also improve and enhance test methods to ensure the performance of the handcuffs • Focus Group of Law Enforcement practitioners met in June 2008 to develop performance requirements • A Special Technical Committee (STC) has been created to revise the standard.

23. Holsters Standard • Focus Group of Law Enforcement practitioners met in June 2008 to begin developing performance requirements for retention holsters to verify that these requirements are met. • A Special Technical Committee (STC) has been created to develop the standard.

24. Bomb Suit Standard • Draft Bomb Suit Standard complete • Panel of Experts has reviewed the draft and recommendations are being implemented. • Expected publication of standard by January 1, 2009

25. Electronic Monitoring for Corrections Standard • Planning for this effort is underway and the first Special Technical Committee is planned for January 2009

26. Compliance Testing

27. Technology Assistance

28. Highlights of Recent Activities • Incident Commander critical incident response training simulation software. • Active Shooter training simulation software. • School Security Technology Guide. • SCORMAP: mapping and analysis tool for schools. Development of a tactile, puncture and cut resistant glove offering protection from chemical and biological hazards (TSWG) • “Study of Deaths Following Electro Muscular Disruption: Interim Report” (Jun. ’08) • No conclusive medical evidence that indicates a high risk of serious injury or death from the direct effects of CEDs.  • Demonstration and evaluation of DE less-lethal technology in LA County jail.

29. Highlights of Recent Activities • Participating in an FAA rulemaking committee to establish guidelines for unmanned aircraft systems for public safety. • Evaluation with the LASDP using commercial communications infrastructure to locate and track LE personnel and equipment. • Collaborative effort with DHS to implement the Thales multi-band radio for LE application. • Dialogue with the FCC on providing State and local LE and Corrections agencies the ability to effectively detect and defeat cell phones. • Development of a tactile, puncture and cut resistant glove offering protection from chemical and biological hazards (TSWG).

30. Summary • OS&T values input from practitioners: R&D focuses on practitioner defined needs and requirements. • OS&T develops standards and tests commercially available equipment to verify its safety, effectiveness, and efficiency. • OS&T works with criminal justice agencies to help demonstrate, test, evaluate, and adopt new technologies. • OS&T leverages R&D and technology expertise from other Federal partners at DHS, DoD, DoE. • The NLECTC System provides technology information and assistance to law enforcement, corrections, and other criminal justice agencies free of charge.

31. Contact Information • www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij Booth 300 • www.justnet.org Booth 321 • asknlectc@nlectc.org 800 248-2742 Marc H. Caplan, Chief Operational Technologies Division Office of Science and Technology National Institute of Justice 202 307-2956 Marc.caplan@usdoj.gov