“The Traditional Right”

1. “The Traditional Right” Religious Support Bush 72%-17% US should use preemptive strike Gay relationships are “morally wrong” Religion should play more important role in government Oppose affirmative action Tax cuts are best way to stimulate economy Liberal Conservative “Traditional Conservatives” 16% Secular

2. “The Traditional Left” Religious Support Kerry 79%-8% US should not use preemptive strike Support gay rights Pro-immigration Pro-affirmative action Oppose tax cuts as economic policy Basic health insurance is a right “Traditional Liberals” 32% Liberal Conservative Secular

3. “The Secular Center” Religious Split evenly for President (42% Bush, 41% Kerry) Strongly supports gay rights Supports free trade Believes strongly in separation of church and state Oppose affirmative action Less supportive of environment Less likely to believe basic health insurance is a right Liberal Conservative “Secular Centrists” 29% Secular

4. “The Religious Center” Religious “Religious Centrists” 23% Liberal Conservative Lean Bush 51%-34% Support affirmative action Support the environment Gay relationships are “morally wrong” Religion should play more important role in government Highest concentration of African Americans and Latinos Secular

5. The Political Personality of a New Generation Religious “Traditional Liberals” 32% “Religious Centrists” 23% Liberal Conservative “Secular Centrists” 29% “Traditional Conservatives” 16% Secular

6. L S R C Democrat Republican L S R C Liberal Conservative Political Personality Index L=Traditional Liberals R=Traditional Conservatives R=Religious Centrists S=Secular Centrists R S C L Politically Inactive Politically Active L R S C Optimistic Pessimistic

7. S L C R Not Religious Religious L S R C Foreign PolicyLiberal Foreign PolicyConservative Political Personality Index L R S C Economic Policy Liberal Economic Policy Conservative L R S C Domestic Policy Liberal Domestic Policy Conservative R C L S Gay Rights Liberal Gay Rights Conservative

8. What are Voters Looking For?

9. “How to Rig an Election”The Economist

10. Redistricting “In a normal democracy, voters choose their representatives. In America, it is rapidly becoming the other way around.” • Most countries hand over redistricting to an independent board • America: Every 10 years after a census, state legislature redraw congressional boundaries to be approved by the state’s governor

11. Effect of Voting Rights Act • Majority-minority districts • Goal: chance for minorities to elect a candidate of the same race

12. Partisan Redistricting • Software allows for detailed electoral maps, geographic information systems • Goal of incumbent protection: safety first • Reelection rate of 98% • Lack of competition depresses voter turnout • Categories of districts • Safe seats where incumbent almost assured of victory • Competitive districts where the parties focus their resources