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DNA Chapter 12

DNA Chapter 12. Write down in your notebook 5 things that you already know about DNA. Do Now: . 3 Main functions ___________ information ___________ information ___________ information. DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Genes hold ___________ for cells

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DNA Chapter 12

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  1. DNA Chapter 12

  2. Write down in your notebook 5 things that you already know about DNA Do Now:

  3. 3 Main functions • ___________information • ___________ information • ___________information DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid

  4. Genes hold ___________for cells They control the pattern of ______________ Stores Information

  5. Cells must make a __________ ______ of every single gene before the cell divides. The double-stranded DNA ___________ and the 2 strands serve as a template to make a ________________ strand. End result is ____ identical ___________of DNA. Copying information

  6. __________are passed down from parents to ____________ DNA is carefully ________and ___________along when a cell divides Transmit Information

  7. DNA is a ___________ _________ • HINT!!!It is the NA in DNA • It ismade up of ______________. • Nucleotides are joined into long strands by ____________(sharing) bonds. • When DNA is formed there are _____strands of _____________. • Each strand coils around the other forming the so called ____________. Components of DNA

  8. Solving the DNA Structure Puzzle • ________________made an ______________picture that showed DNA strands twisting around each other. _________ • James _________and Francis ___________ were attempting to build a DNA ________but the pieces did not fit properly. • But once they saw __________x-ray, they __________the final piece of the puzzle.

  9. Nucleotides are the ___________blocks of ___________ ___________. • They have ________parts: • a ________(usually a 5carbon sugar deoxyribose) • a ____________group (P04) • a __________ _______ NUCLEOTIDES

  10. 4 types of nitrogenous bases • [A] ____________ • [G] ____________ • [C] ____________ • [T] ____________ Nitrogenous Bases

  11. Adenine bonds with Thymine _______ • hydrogen bonds • Guanine bonds with Cytosine _______ • hydrogen bonds _____________Rule

  12. DNA is a ___________ __________structure • A twisted ladder • The 2 strands are _______________ • They run in ____________ directions • Nitrogenous bases meet in the _________of both strands. Double Helix Model

  13. ___________bonds are between the nitrogenous ________holding both __________together. • Hydrogen bonds are _________and pull ________easily. • These types of bonds are beneficial for when replication takes place Hydrogen Bonds

  14. Sugar deoxyribose Phosphate group

  15. 5’ AGAATCGCATTC 3’ 5’ GCTCAACTTG 3’ 5’ TACAGGCAT 3’ Example Question

  16. What are the 3 main functions of DNA? • What is the function of genes? • What is a nucleic acid and what is it composed of? Do NowQuestions

  17. ___________- is to make a ________of DNA • DNA molecule will ________ the _________ bonds and ___________ into _________ strands. • just like a zipper would undo • Each strand of the double helix acts as a ___________ for making the ________ strand. • As each new strand forms, _____ _________ are added following the rules of base pairing. __________ ___________ • End result is _____ ______________DNA molecules. DNA Replication

  18. _______________are the tips of chromosomes that are _________to ____________. Cells use an enzyme called ____________ to insure that genes will not be damaged or lost during replication. Telomerase is usually ________ _____ in adults. Many scientist believe that in __________ ______, telomerase is turned ______and that may be why cancer cells ________and divide so __________. Telomeres

  19. Proteins ___________ the copies to make sure they are accurate. Unfortunately, some errors are ____ _________and that may cause a ________in base order, resulting in a ____________. Some mutations have ________consequences. DNA Replication Errors

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