1 / 36

Rocks

Rocks. A solid material made up of 1 or more minerals, or other things – including the remains of once-living things. Earth’s rocks are made up of about 20 minerals. A rock can have several minerals or only one. Classify Rocks. Color: color of rock depends on the minerals that make it up.

marvin
Download Presentation

Rocks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Rocks • A solid material made up of 1 or more minerals, or other things – including the remains of once-living things.

  2. Earth’s rocks are made up of about 20 minerals. A rock can have several minerals or only one.

  3. Classify Rocks • Color: color of rock depends on the minerals that make it up. • Texture: size, shape, arrangement of the grains Large grains – coarse texture Small grains – fine texture

  4. Composition: The minerals the rock is made up of • Easier to ID course grained rocks • How/where rocks are formed -

  5. Classify Rocks 3 Major groups: Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

  6. 3 Main Types of Rocks

  7. Igneous Rock http://www.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/igneous.htm

  8. Igneous Rock • Fire formed • Forms when magma or lava cools and hardens • Intrusive • Extrusive

  9. Intrusive Igneous Rock • Cools and hardens beneath the surface. • Coarse grained. Larger mineral crystals. • Forms much Continental Crust. • Ex: Granite, diorite, pegmatite

  10. Extrusive Igneous Rock • Forms from Lava on the surface of the Earth. • Fine-grained. Small Crystals Cool quickly – Basalt most common Makes up the oceanic crust. • Ex: Obsidian, pumice, andesite

  11. Granite - Intrusive

  12. Obsidian - extrusive

  13. Sedimentary Rock http://www.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/sediment.htm

  14. Sedimentary Rock • Form in places where there was once water • Form from sediment that is compacted and cemented together • Takes millions of years to form

  15. Sediments • Particles of rock, minerals or organic material. • Sand, gravel, seashells, leaves, dead plants & animals.

  16. Weathering - The chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth’s surface. • Erosion: wind, water, gravity carries sediments to a new place. • .

  17. Deposition: when the water stops moving and “drops off” the sediments Compaction: slowly the layers of sediment press down on top of other layers

  18. . Cementation: when the layers are “stuck” together. Water evaporates, leaving minerals behind which glue the sediments together

  19. 3 Types of Sedimentary Rock Clastic Rock: Made up of particles of pre-existing rock Can form from igneous, metamorphic or other sedimentary rocks Ex: sandstone, conglomerate

  20. Sandstone Sedimentary, Clastic Rock Sandstone

  21. Sedimentary, Clastic Rock Conglomerate Conglomerate

  22. Chemical Sedimentary Rock • Form due to chemical reaction –Evaporites http://geology.campus.ad.csulb.edu/people/bperry/Sedimentary%20Rocks%20Tour/chemical_sedimentary_rocks.htm • Can occur in oceans, lakes, caves and hot springs. • Ex: limestone, halite, calcite

  23. Limestone found in Arizona – Once part of a reef under water

  24. Sedimentary, Chemical Rock Halite

  25. Organic SedimentaryRock • Form when organic material – sea shells, dead animals and plant material – is compacted and cemented together • Ex: coquina, coal, anthacite

  26. Coquina seashellsbymillhill.com 900 × 769 - Made of tiny coquina seashells

  27. Metamorphic Rock http://www.fi.edu/fellows/payton/rocks/create/metamorph.htm

  28. Metamorphic Rock • Meta – Change • Morph - form • Original rock – igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic – is changed by intense heat and pressure causing physical or chemical changes

  29. Metamorphic Rock • Can form when: • rock is deep within earth’s surface – subjected to high temps and pressure of layers above • Tectonic processes – continental plates colliding • Rock is heated by molten magma nearby

  30. Metamorphic Rock • One type of rock is changed into another type of rock • Igneous granite is changed into metamorphic gneiss • Sedimentary rock sandstone changes into quartzite

  31. Metamorphic Rock • 2 Types: foliated and non-foliated • Foliated- banded • Examples - Gneiss, schist, slate • Non-foliated – not banded • Examples – marble, quartzite

  32. Gneiss - foliated

  33. Schist - foliated

  34. Marble – non-foliated

  35. Quartzite – non-foliated

  36. What type of rock do I have http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/K12/rkcycle/typeofrock.html Rock cycle real pix and describe steps http://www.open2.net/geologytoolkit/rockcycle_embedded.html Good click and drag animation http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/rock_cycle.htm Pictures of Different Rocks – Rock Picture Gallery http://geology.about.com/library/bl/images/blrockindex.htm

More Related