____________ When you started second grade ____________ When you were born

1. Do Now: Order the events in your life. Put a 1 next to the first event that occurred in your life, a number 2 for the next event, and so on. ____________ When you started second grade  ____________ When you were born ____________ When you started kindergarten ____________ When you learned to ride a bike ____________ When you learned to walk ____________ When you learned to read ____________ When you lost your LAST tooth ____________ Today’s Date

2. Thursday/Friday, December 5/6, 2013 Your Learning Goal: Students will be able to accurately order the layers of sediments and rationalize the age of fossils based on relative dating. Standard:4c Students know that the rock cycle includes the formation of new sediment and rocks and that rocks are often found in layers, with the oldest generally on the bottom. 4e. Students know fossils provide evidence of how life and environmental conditions have changed Table of Contents: Lesson 4.2 Fossil Dating Homework: Finish Layering Worksheet Agenda: • Do Now • Notes • Stations

4. This describes the period of time This is in Years ago This is the order of events. The first things are at the bottom, the newest are at the top Middle Schoolian Elementary Schoolian Preschoolian 0 5 9 10 10 11 12 13

5. This describes the period of time This is in Years ago This is the order Today’s Date Lost my First tooth Started 2nd grade Learned to ride a bike Started kindergarten Learned to read Learned to walk I was born 0 1 5 9 10 11 12 13 Middle Schoolian ElemenetraySchoolian Preschoolian

6. Reflection Questions What is similar between the geologic timeline and the timeline you just made? What is different from the timeline you just made? VS

7. Reflection Questions 3. How were you able to describe when things happened with out dates? 4. How do you think scientists figured out where to put dinosaurs on their timelines?

8. How fossils are made: Video • Through quick burial

9. What is fossilization? • Fossilization: The process of turning bones into rock fossils • There are 4 main types of fossils: 1. mold 2. cast 3. trace 4. body fossils

10. What is a mold fossil? Mold Fossil: an imprint inside of rock in the shape of the animal. It is in the shape of the outside of the animal How to make a mold fossil: • Quick Burial: The dinosaur must be encased (buried) quickly by sediments before bacteria break it down • After the bone is buried and sediments around it turn to rock, the bone is broken down by bacteria (decompose). This creates an empty mold of the animal surrounded by rock

11. What is a cast fossil? Cast Fossil: A rock copy of the bones of animal. Bones buried in rock are broken down and replaced by minerals and sediments that turn to rock. How to make a cast fossil: • Quick Burial: The dinosaur must be encased (buried) quickly by sediments before bacteria break it down • After the bone is buried and sediments around it turn to rock, the bone is broken down by bacteria (decompose). This creates an empty mold of the animal surrounded by rock • Water must carry rock minerals into the bone where it recrystallize under the pressure of new layers of sediments (just like sediments cementing together to make sedimentary rock but this time inside where the bone used to be)

13. What is a trace fossil • Trace fossils: Fossils that show the activities of organisms. (not the organism) • Examples: footprints, bite marks in bones, nests etc. How to make a trace fossil: • An animal makes a footprint when it steps in sand or mud. • Over time the footprint is buried in layers of sediment. Then, the sediment becomes solid rock

14. Tar An organism, such as a mammoth, is trapped in a tar pit and dies. The tar soaks into its bones and stops the bones from decaying. IceAn organism, such as a woolly mammoth, dies in a very cold region. Its body is frozen in ice, which preserves the organism—even its hair! What is a body fossil • Body Fossil: The entire body (or almost the entire body) is preserved and looks exactly the same as it did in the past. Very rare that this happens AmberAn organism, such as an insect, is trapped in a tree’s sticky resin and dies. More resin covers it, sealing the insect inside. It hardens into amber.

15. What do you think fossils tell scientists?

16. Fossils Tell A Lot! • Trace fossils tell scientists about animal behaviors • Cast and mold fossils show scientists animal size, bone structure, and body structure and they allow scientists to make predictions on the way the animal moved and how its body worked • Body Fossils show scientists exactly how the animals looked in the past. • All fossils tell how life on earth used to be at that time and how the animals evolved.

17. Rocks and Relative Dating • Relative Dating: The science of determining the relative order of events in the past without knowing the absolute age • The oldest layer is on the bottom • The youngest layer is on the top • If another layer cuts through, it is younger because rocks travel down with gravity!

18. TPS: What does this have to do with fossils • Where do you think the oldest fossils are found?

19. Question #1: I do

20. Question #1 Young Old

21. Question #1 6 Young 5 4 3 2 1 Old

22. We do

23. You Do

24. Your turn! • Finish the worksheet

25. Tell me a story • Tell me a story as a dinosaur. • Tell me where you lived. What type of food you ate and how you died. • Tell me how you were buried and turned into a fossil. • Tell me how you were discovered

26. Exit Slip • Which is older, a fossil found in F or M? • Which is older a fossil found in H or I? • Which is older a fossil found in M or R? • How do you know all of this?