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Control Systems

AS ICT. Control Systems. Objectives. Have an understanding of how organizations use ICT. Be able to describe a number of uses, giving the hardware and software requirements. Be able to describe the applications that these uses can be put to. What is a control system?.

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Control Systems

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  1. AS ICT Control Systems

  2. Objectives • Have an understanding of how organizations use ICT. • Be able to describe a number of uses, giving the hardware and software requirements. • Be able to describe the applications that these uses can be put to.

  3. What is a control system? • Uses microprocessors or computers to control certain physical conditions, either • Keeping them the same over a period of time or • Varying them according to predefined values/lengths of time

  4. Examples of control systems • Maintaining constant physical conditions: • Air conditioning systems • Central heating systems • Refrigeration • Medical applications: Intensive care • Car Manufacture plants • Process Control

  5. Physical conditions (variables) that are controlled by computer/microprocessors include: • Temperature • Pressure • Humidity • Light • Moisture etc

  6. Hardware requirements: Input • Numeric Keypad • Push buttons/switches • Temperature sensor • Moisture sensor • Pressure sensor • Light sensor • Contact Switch

  7. Hardware requirements: Process • ADC • DAC • Timer • Algorithms to compare data from sensors to predefined values or ranges

  8. Hardware requirements: Output • Robot • Fans • Heaters • Boilers • Buzzer/alarm • Lights • LED display

  9. Air conditioning • Sensors are needed to monitor temperature (continuously) • Microprocessor compares the temperature with a preset value/range • Depending on result microprocessor causes the fan motor to speed up or slow down • Fan motor switched on or off

  10. IPO/hardware requirements

  11. Closed Loop system • Output directly affects the input • No human intervention is necessary • Good for situations where control is required 24/7, or in a dangerous/difficult environment

  12. Refrigeration • Sensors continuously monitor temperature • Microprocessor compares the temperature with a preset value/range • Depending on result microprocessor causes the fan motor to speed up or slow down • Fan motor switched on or off

  13. IPO/hardware requirements

  14. Central heating • Sensors are needed to monitor temperature (continuously) • Microprocessor compares the temperature with a preset value/range • Microprocessor controls two actuators • one opens gas valves in the boiler • the other switches the pump on

  15. IPO/hardware requirements

  16. Hardware required for central heating • Boiler • Hot water cylinder • Pump • Radiators • Temperature sensors

  17. Control systems require: • Compressors • Heaters • Condensers • Pumps • Fans • Temperature sensors • Moisture sensors • Pressure sensors • Light sensors

  18. Software requirements • Control software

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