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International Public Law

International Public Law Regulating Internet: What Can Be Done Michael YAKUSHEV Board of Coordination Center of .RU National Domain, Chairman. International Public Law. Wide consensus What should be regulated, why and how Diplomatic relations

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International Public Law

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  1. International Public Law Regulating Internet: What Can Be Done Michael YAKUSHEVBoard of Coordination Center of .RU National Domain, Chairman

  2. International Public Law • Wide consensus • What should be regulated, why and how • Diplomatic relations • Based on experts’ views and ‘national interests’ • Binding bi-lateral and multilateral (‘universal’) conventions • Efficient mechanism of implementation (enforcement) • Core importance of UN (for universal agreements) and mutual understanding (for-bilateral agreements)

  3. International Public Law Regulating Internet: If There Were ‘Predecessors’ • Telecommunications • International Telecommunication Union • Civil Aviation • International Civil Aviation Organization • Nuclear Power • International Atomic Energy Agency • Outer Space Exploration • (system of bilateral, multi-lateral and universal agreements) • Red Cross (non-government) • ICANN (sui generis) • …

  4. 1957: First Earth Satellite (Sputnik) Launched 1960: First Spy Satellite (Discoverer) Launched 1961: First Man in Space (Vostok 1) 1966: First Space ‘docking’ (Gemini) 1969: First Man on the Moon (Apollo 11) 1971: First Orbital Station (Salyut 1) 1975: USSR-USA Soyuz-ApolloProject 1977: First Long-term Orbital Expeditions with International Participation 1980s: Commercial Communications Satellites 1981: First Space Shuttle Flight 2000- Permanent International Space Station 2009+: ?? 1962: First UN Declaration on Principles Governing Space Exploration 1967: Outer Space Treaty 1968: Rescue Agreement 1972: Liability Convention 1975: Registration Convention 1979: Moon Treaty Development of Outer Space Corpus Iuris

  5. Internationally Recognized Principles Governing Space Activities • the exploration and use of outer space shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries and shall be the province of all mankind; • outer space shall be free for exploration and use by all States; • outer space is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means; • States shall not place nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit or on celestial bodies or station them in outer space in any other manner; • the Moon and other celestial bodies shall be used exclusively for peaceful purposes; • astronauts shall be regarded as the envoys of mankind; • States shall be responsible for national space activities whether carried out by governmental or non-governmental activities; • States shall be liable for damage caused by their space objects; and • States shall avoid harmful contamination of space and celestial bodies

  6. Development of Corpus Iuris Internetis • What is specific • Three types of stakeholders (not only State(s)!) • Strong influence on all communities, businesses and ‘average people’ • Procedures • Bilateral/multilateral negotiations • COPUOS: General Meetings + 2 Sub-Committees: Legal and Scientific-Technical -> participation of recognized experts • Drafting binding agreements • Topics to discuss (regulate) • Infrastructure (protocols; geo 1st level domains etc.) • Security (problems, solvable on international level) • Countering cybercrime, terrorism, etc. • Procedural legislation, harmonization (definition of notions), uniform enforcements • Social (cultural, humanitarian) issues • Next Steps • Question to the audience

  7. Good luck to all of us!Michael YAKUSHEVwww.cctld.ru

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