U.S. IOOS contributions to monitoring water quality including nutrients and harmful algal blooms.

1. U.S. IOOS contributions tomonitoring water qualityincluding nutrients andharmful algal blooms. Ru Morrison, Josie Quintrell, Rebecca Baltes, Gabrielle Canonico-Hyde, Mario Tamburri

2. US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) • A tool that enables the Nation to track, predict, manage and adapt to changes in our marine environment and delivers critical information to decision makers to… Improve safety Enhance our economy Protect our environment

3. US Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Global Component: Global Ocean Observing System National Component: Composed of 17 U.S. Federal Agencies Education Regional Component: 11 Regional Associations

4. IOOS National User Needs Synthesis Marine Operations Coastal, beach and nearshore hazards Ecosystems and Fisheries Long term trends Water Quality http://www.ioosassociation.org

5. Water Quality Water Quality

6. Performance Verifications/Demonstrations • DO Sensors (2004) - Aanderaa (optode), Greenspan (galvanic cell), In-Situ (optode), YSI (Clark cell) • Chl-a Fluorometers (2005) - bbe Moldaenke, Chelsea (2), Hydrolab, Turner (2), WET Labs, YSI • Turbidity Sensors (2006) - Aquatec, In-Situ, McVan, WET Labs, YSI • Nutrient Analyzers (2007) - American EcoTech, Satlantic, WET Labs, YSI • C-T Sensors for In Situ Salinity (2008) -Aanderaa, Campbell, Falmouth, Greenspan, In-Situ, RBR, Rockland, YSI • pCO2 Analyzers (2009/2010) - Contros, NOAA/PMEL (Battelle), Pro-Oceanus, Sunburst, YSI • Hydrocarbon Sensors (2011) - Aquatec, Chelsea (3), Hach, S:can, Turner Designs, and WET Labs • pH Sensors (2012/2013) - Aanderaa, Campbell, Idronaut, In-Situ, Satlantic, Sunburst, YSI

7. Nutrients Performance Demonstrations • Transitioning into operations Mario Tamburri, tamburri@umces.edu

8. Bottom-Water Hypoxia (< 2mg/L) July, 2007 20,500 km2, 7900 mi2 Data source: N. N. Rabalais, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, and R. E. Turner, Louisiana State University Funding from: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research http://www.gulfhypoxia.net

9. Area of Mid-Summer Bottom Water Hypoxia (Dissolved Oxygen < 2.0 mg/L) Square miles Data source: N.N. Rabalais, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, R.E. Turner, Louisiana State University n.d. Funded by: NOAA, Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research 2012 2013

10. Dissolved Oxygen at 20 m, Station C6C Data source: N. Rabalais, LUMCON Wind mixing events Different responses at bottom Dissolved oxygen (mg l-1) June 2012

11. Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) a continuous, automated phytoplankton imaging system • A new IFCB has been built and was deployed at UTMSI in August 2012 • The new design is smaller and lighter and more robust • Deployed “in the can” in pier lab for improved stability. Dr. Lisa Campbell, Texas A&M University

12. Early detection of HABs with IFCB • IFCB has provided early warning of 6 HAB events: no illnesses reported • Dinophysis ovum in 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012 • Karenia brevis in 2009 and 2011 • Campbell Lab has implemented automated downloading, processing, and classification • Early warning email notifications* are sent to TPWD and DSHS within 4 h of sampling if cell counts > 2/mL Dinophysis ovum Karenia brevis Sample email message sent in 2011 Ann Jochens

13. Kelli Page and Jenn Read, GLOS Drinking Water Quality:Huron Erie Corridor Waterways Forecast System (HECWFS) • Goal: • Reduce health risks and costs associated with pollutant spills in the Lake Huron to Lake Erie Corridor • Major Elements: • Link 2d model for corridor to NOAA Great Lakes Forecasting System • Generate 3d public domain model • Use 3d model to support water intake risk assessment work

14. SCCOOS and CeNCOOS Involvement with the 2012 Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) Diversion http://www.sccoos.org/projects/ocsd-diversion/

15. Previous/Ongoing SCCOOS Water Quality Projects 1. 2006 City of Los Angeles Hyperion Ocean Outfall Diversion 2. Tijuana River Plume Tracking 3. Case Study: Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) Danielle Williams and Julie Thomas, SCOOS

16. Supporting Beach Swimming Advisory Decision Making Issue: Exposure to beach swimming waters with elevated bacterial levels is a public health concern and one of economic vitality. Goal: Develop and implement scientifically-justified, decision-support tools for accurate and defensible preemptive advisory issuance decisions. Process: 1.) Data integration and fusion 3.) Model validation 2.) Ensemble model development 4.) Operational support tool Who is doing it: A partnership among beach managers, tourism interests, public health officials and the general public including…

17. Current activities - Beach advisory modeling Dwayne Porter, porter@sc.edu

18. U.S.IOOS Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed, 2010-2012 Estuarine Hypoxia Shelf Hypoxia Salinity maps for coastal ROMS, NOAA GOM, NRL IASNFS and NRL/FSU HCOM Gulf, http://pong.tamu.edu/~mma/sura/anims_models.php • Transitioning information to federal agencies • Model Comparison • Conducting sensitivity experiments • New, single term hypoxia model • Improving Collaboration • Improving Data • Model Development  • Supporting Operations • Biogeochemical operating equations transitioned to FVCOM community modeling group in CSDL Gulf of Maine / Scituate Harbor - Extratropical Domain

19. Helping develop nutrient criteria • NERACOOS Buoy Observations in the Great Bay Estuary, NH part of the strategy to develop nutrient criteria based on protecting eelgrass habitat • Provided important information on water clarity • Autonomous nutrient measurements • Nutrient monitoring an important part of new municipal waste treatment compliance

20. Acknowledgements • Thanks to: • Josie Quintrell, Gabrielle Canonico-Hyde, Mario Tamburri, Becky Baltes, • Nancy Rabalais, Dwayne Porter, Kelli Page, Jenn Read, Ann Jochens • And everyone else from the IOOS Regions, Program Office, and Association who did all the real work!