Asexual/Sexual Reproduction

1. Asexual/Sexual Reproduction

2. Bacteria • Bacteria reproduce Asexually and Sexually. • Asexual – Binary Fission • Sexual – Conjugation

3. Protista • Protists reproduce Asexually and Sexually. • Asexual – Mitosis/Cell Division • Sexual – Meiosis creates sex cells; two sex cells join to form a new organism. This depends on the specific type of protist.

4. Fungi • Fungi reproduce Asexually and Sexually • Spore – waterproof reproductive cell that can grow into a new organism. • Hyphae – a mass of many-celled, threadlike tubes that make of the body of fungi. • Fungi are not identified as “male” or “female”

5. Fungi Cont. • Asexual – involve spores created by mitosis/cell division; these spores grow to be a new organism. • Sexual – involves the hyphae of two genetically different fungi of the same species; the hyphae join and a reproductive structure will grow. After meiosis occurs in these structures, spores are produced that grow into fungi.

6. Plants • Plants reproduce Asexually and Sexually • Plants were originally found in water and made adaptations to survive on land. • Plants evolved to create water-resistant spores or seeds (found in cones or flowers/fruits)

7. Seedless Plants • These plants reproduce using spores. • Ex: Ferns, Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts

8. Seed Plants • Gymnosperms – plants that produce seeds that are not protected by fruit; they do not have flowers (evergreens). • There are 4 types of Gymnosperms – Conifers, Cycads, Ginkgoes, and Gnetophytes. • Conifers (pines, firs, spruce) produce two types of cones – male and female. • They are both found on the same plant. • Cones are the reproductive structures of conifers. • Seeds develop on the female cones.

9. Seed Plants Cont. • Angiosperms – plant that flowers and produces fruits with one or more seeds. • Seeds are produced on the inside or outside of the fruit.

10. Animals • Animals reproduce sexually. • Animals require both sex cells, sperm and egg, to reproduce. • Exception to the Rule • Starfish • Reproduce sexually (male and female starfish) • Reproduce asexually through Regeneration(limbs, arms, spines, some body parts) and some split themselves on purpose to create two new organisms.