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This study delves into the intricate differences between reheat and regeneration in Rankine cycles, focusing on the challenges posed by steam temperatures, bleed steam variations, and auxiliary turbines. It explores the impact of advanced ultra-supercritical units with single and double reheat, offering insights on efficiency optimization. Additionally, the text highlights the evolution of coal-fired power plants in Denmark and the efficiency variances in Indian coal plants. It also discusses emission-free electricity sources, nuclear fuel life cycle, and comparisons of CO2 emissions across different reactor types.
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Future Policy on Embedment of Reheat and Regeneration in Rankine Cycles P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Be Frank on Reconciliation or Breakup ……
Power Plant with an Auxiliary Turbine • A substantial rise in the temperature of steam, especially reheated steam (to 720C), aggravates the problem of the difference between the bleed steam and the heated water temperatures in FWH. • This is more serious issue with heaters fed with bleeds from the intermediate pressure turbine, which are situated right after the steam reheater. • Passing the bleeds from the intermediate pressure part of the main turbine to a separate extraction backpressure turbine fed from the turbine high pressure turbine outlet before the first reheat will decrease overall irreversibility • By keeping pressures in the bleeds at the same level, the temperature differences in the heaters fed from the auxiliary turbine are much lower.
900 MW Advanced ultra-supercriticalpower unit with single reheat 7.5MPa &720C 35MPa &700C 330C 0.005 MPa
900 MW Advanced ultra-supercriticalpower unit with single reheat with AT
900 MW Advanced ultra-supercriticalpower unit with Double reheat 13MPa &720C 3MPa &720C 37.5MPa &700C 332C 0.005 MPa
900 MW Advanced ultra-supercriticalpower unit with Double reheat & AT -1
900 MW Advanced ultra-supercriticalpower unit with Double reheat & AT-2
Basic indices of the 900 MW power unit in various configurations
Efficiency of Danish Coal-Fired Power Plants Continuous development resulted around the mid 80's in an average efficiency of 38% for all power stations, and best values of 43%. In the second half of the 1990’s, a Danish power plant set a world record at 47%.
Average efficiency, specific coal usage, CO2 emissions h Indian Coal Plants: Efficiency of modern coal power plant = 34-36% Efficiency of old power plant = 20-30%
Life Cycle of Nuclear Fuel Safe Disposal
Comparison of Life-Cycle Emissions Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent per Gigawatt-Hour
Types of Reactors • Pressurised water reactors (PWR, VVER) • Boiling water reactors (BWR) • Pressurised heavy water reactor (PHWR) • Gas-cooled reactors (Magnox, AGR, UNGG)