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I.M. Doctor, M.D. My Office My City, State. SAVE YOUR KNEES. The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified. Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred. . Save Your Knees.
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I.M. Doctor, M.D. My Office My City, State SAVE YOUR KNEES
The information in this presentation was provided to the presenter by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and may be modified. Endorsement of this presentation by the AAOS is not implied or inferred.
Save Your Knees • Orthopaedics and the Bone and Joint Decade • Protecting your knees
What is an orthopaedic surgeon? • MD who specializes in treatment and health maintenance of musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage and spine)
What is an orthopaedic surgeon? • The expert in maintaining musculoskeletal health • The expert in treating the musculoskeletal system
Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon • College • Medical School • Internship • Orthopaedic Residency • Fellowship (optional) • 2 Years Practice TOTAL 4 4 1 4 (1) 2 16 years!
What do orthopaedic surgeons do? • Diagnose • Treat • Medication • Physical Therapy • Exercise • Brace • Surgery • Prevent
Save Your Knees Your Orthopaedic Surgeon Getting You Back In The Game
The Knee Joint © 2009 Getty Images
Pain or damage often caused by: Injuries Osteoarthritis The Knee Joint
Knee Injuries • Sprains • Ligament (ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL) tears • Meniscus tear Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
Ligament injury Knee pain, tenderness, swelling Knee Injuries: Sprains
Knee Injuries: Sprains • R.I.C.E.: rest, ice, compression, elevation • Rehabilitation • Anti-inflammatory • Brace
Direct blow to knee Non-contact injury, with foot plant Landing on straight leg Making abrupt stops Knee Injuries: Ligament Tear
Knee Injuries: ACL Tear Normal anatomy Hyperextension Anterior cruciate ligament Femur Femur slips Anterior cruciate ligament tears Patella Tibia Fibula Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
Knee Injuries: ACL Tear • Incidence of ACL much higher among female athletes • Combination of causal factors
Knee Injuries: Meniscus Tear • Helps knee joint carry weight, glide, and turn • Twisting injury • Football and other contact sports
Knee Injuries: Meniscus Tear • Pain • Giving way • Locking • Clicking • Swelling
Inability or decreased ability to play Locking, popping, catching Visible deformity Severe pain or giving way When to See the Doctor
Nearly 21 million Americans age 25 and older have osteoarthritis 46 million U.S. adults report doctor-diagnosed arthritis As the U.S. population ages, these numbers are likely to increase dramatically. The number of people who have doctor-diagnosed arthritis is projected to increase to 67 million in 2030. Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis
Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis Inflammation Avoidance of Motion Loss of Motion Increased Muscle Tightness
Knee Pain: Osteoarthritis Cartilage © 2009 Getty Images © 2009 Getty Images Healthy Knee Osteoarthritic Knee
Primary Osteoarthritis: Most Common Thought to be result of aging Decreased ability of cartilage to repair itself Ligaments supporting joints weaken Osteoarthritis Causes
Secondary Osteoarthritis Obesity Trauma Surgery Abnormal joints Gout Diabetes Hormone disorders Osteoarthritis Causes
Treatment Drug therapy Intra-articular treatment Surgery Experimental/alternative treatments Health and behavior modifications
NSAIDs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Aspirin Ibuprofen Naproxen Treatment: Medication
Why? Alternatives Benefits and for how long? Treatment: Surgery
Treatment: Surgery • Duration of recovery? • Assistance at home? How long? • Disability after surgery? • Physical therapy? • Return to normal activity?
Arthroscopy Surgical abrasion of cartilage Treatment: Surgery
Treatment: Surgery Pre-Osteotomy Post-Osteotomy
Know and abide by rules Wear appropriate protective gear Know how to use equipment Never “play through pain” Preventing Sports Injuries
Strengthening exercises can help Correct positioning is critical Prevention: Exercise
Strengthening exercises can help Correct positioning is critical Prevention: Exercise 40
Marching Walk in place Jumping jacks Mimic the sport you are about to do Prevention: Warm Up Warm- up:
You should NOT feel pain Hold stretch 30 seconds Relax into the stretch Prevention: Stretching Stretching:
Prevention: Stretching Breathe deeply & slowly Avoid bouncing Stretch both right & left sides
DO: Include flexibility, strengthening, and aerobic exercises Exercise when you are not tired Exercise when pain and stiffness lowest Exercise when medication having greatest effect Prevention: Exercise
DO: Always warm-up and cool down Start slowly, progress gradually Avoid becoming chilled or overheated when exercising Use heat, cold, & other pain reducers Prevention: Exercise
DO: Use aids like walking sticks, braces, or canes if recommended Expect minor discomfort Use two-hour rule: No more pain two hours after exercising than before you started Prevention: Exercise
Talk to your physician first Consider athletic trainer or physical therapist Prevention: Exercise
DON’T: Do too much too soon Hold your breath while exercising Take extra medication before unless your physician suggests it Prevention: Exercise
Consult your physician if these symptoms are present: Unusual or persistent fatigue Increased weakness Decreased range of motion Increased joint swelling Continued pain 1 hour after exercising Too Much Exercise
Resources American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 6300 North River Road Rosemont, IL 60018 orthoinfo.org saveyourknees.org arthritis.org