Basic Computer Vocabulary #1

1. Basic Computer Vocabulary #1 Ms. Pape-Media Design

2. Storage-where data is stored. RAM, ROM, PROM, hard drive (hard disk), flash drive, “The Cloud” • CPU-Central Processing Unit; the BRAIN of the computer, where all data is processed • Output-data that has been processed and is sent OUT via a monitor or printer or other device • Input-data put IN to the computer to be processed

3. CPU-Central Processing Unit CPU • The brain of the computer; the main microprocessor. It is located on the motherboard. CPU CPU Motherboard

4. Processing Speed • Hertz refers to computer processing speed in cycles (operations) per second. • Processing speed is measured in megahertz (millions of operations per second), or gigahertz-(billions of operations per second).

5. Input/Output • Input refers to data we put into the computer. We use certain input devices (hardware) to do this. Input devices include a mouse, keyboard, CD or DVD drives, scanner and microphone. • Output refers to the data that the computer has processed is sent to the user. The main output device is the monitor. Other output devices include the printer, and speakers. • Input/Output devices-Some devices can be used for both input and output. For example a CD or DVD drive, flash drive, phone, camera, etc...

6. Input Devices(Put data into the computer.) • mouse-a point and click device used to select data for input • keyboard-a device that allows the user to type letters, numbers and other characters into the computer for processing • microphone-a device to input sound for processing, an instrument for converting sound waves into electrical energy variations, which may then be amplified, transmitted, or recorded.

7. Input Keyboard Cameras • Input is data put in to the computing device. Data can be typed in, downloaded from the Internet, or a camera, scanned, etc... • Common input devices include mouse, keyboard, camera, scanner, joystick, microphone, etc... Mouse Joystick Microphone

8. Output Projector • Output is data that has been processed and comes out of a computing device. For example, information displayed on the monitor or projector, sound from the speakers, and information printed to paper is all output. Some output devices are printers, monitors, speakers, projectors, etc... Monitor Speakers Printer

9. Output Devices • monitor - an output device that displays an image generated by a computer. • printer - a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper, especially one linked to a computer. • speaker - an apparatus that converts electrical impulses into sound

10. CD’s/DVD’s Storage • Storage devices are used to store information (data). Storage devices include CD’s, DVD’s, flash or thumb drives, memory cards, the computer hard disk, etc... • RAM (Random Access Memory) is temporary and dynamic. If you don’t save your work, it will be lost! • Permanent (you can’t change it) storage includes ROM and PROM. Memory Cards RAM Chips Flash or Thumb Drives

11. Memory • Temporary storage for information (data), including applications and documents. If data is not stored to a permanent device, such as the hard disc or CD before power is turned off, the data will be lost. Memory is usually measured in megabytes or gigabytes.

12. Hard Drive (hard disk) • Another name for the hard disk that stores information in a computer; a high-capacity, self-contained storage device inside a sealed unit. This is used to store computer applications and files. Hard disk storage capacity is measured in megabytes, gigabytes or terabytes.

13. Binary System (also called Base 2) -a system of numerical notation that is based on 2 (rather than base 10 or decimal). Computer data is represented in strings of zeros or ones!

14. How we measure data or memory • bit-the smallest unit of digital information; represented by a 1 or 0. “Bit” is a word made from combining “binary” and “digit”. • byte-8 bits (ex. 10001110) • kilobyte-approximately 1,000 bytes • megabyte-approximately 1,000,000 bytes (million bytes) • gigabyte-approximately a billion bytes • terabyte-a thousand gigabytes

15. More about storage... · 1 Bit = Binary Digit· 8 Bits = 1 Byte· 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte · 1024 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte · 1024 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte · 1024 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte · 1024 Terabytes = 1 Petabyte · 1024 Petabytes = 1 Exabyte· 1024 Exabytes = 1 Zettabyte · 1024 Zettabytes = 1 Yottabyte · 1024 Yottabytes = 1 Brontobyte· 1024 Brontobytes = 1 Geopbyte • Disk Storage • · 1 Bit = Binary Digit • · 8 Bits = 1 Byte • · 1000 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte • · 1000 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte • · 1000 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte • · 1000 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte • · 1000 Terabytes = 1 Petabyte • · 1000 Petabytes = 1 Exabyte • · 1000 Exabytes = 1 Zettabyte • · 1000 Zettabytes = 1 Yottabyte • · 1000 Yottabytes = 1 Brontobyte • · 1000 Brontobytes = 1 Geopbyte

16. Vocabulary Test 1 • 4 Computer Systems-CPU, Input, Output, Storage • CPU - The “Brain” of the Computer, where all data is processed! • Know processing speed-”hertz”, (operations per minute) megahertz (a million operations per second), gigahertz (a billion operations per second) • What do we put in or take out of the computer? DATA! How do we put data in or take it out? input and output devices (Give examples.) • Know “Storage”- What do we store? DATA! Permanent, Temporary (RAM), and Long term • Where is data stored temporarily (while it’s being used)? In RAM. • Where do we store data long term? hard disk (hard drive), flash or thumb drives, CD/DVD, “The Cloud” • How much do we store? bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte (binary units)