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Biomaterial production

Biomaterial production. A. Rouilly & C. Vaca-Garcia INPT. Potentiality of industrial use of oil-cakes to make materials. Huge ressource [Cetiom, 2007] European production of oilcakes in 2005: Sunflower: 2.2 Mt Rapeseed: 7.7 Mt Soybean: 10.9 Mt High potentiality Very low quoted price

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Biomaterial production

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  1. Biomaterial production A. Rouilly & C. Vaca-Garcia INPT

  2. Potentiality of industrial use of oil-cakes to make materials • Huge ressource [Cetiom, 2007] European production of oilcakes in 2005: • Sunflower: 2.2 Mt • Rapeseed: 7.7 Mt • Soybean: 10.9 Mt • High potentiality • Very low quoted price • ≈ 150 euros/ton for sunflower & rapeseed • Low tonnage for materials applications: no competition with food or feed

  3. Plastic properties of oilseed protein • Storage protein • Main non-lignocellulosic component • Two main globulin fraction: 11S & 7S • Protein content in oilcake: ≈30% • Protein-based materials [Rouilly, 2002 + many references] • Film by casting: easy, all sources of protein • Film by hot pressing: good mechanical properties, all sources of protein • Particle boards: protein as binder • Injection-molding & extrusion: soy & sunflower protein • Complicated rheological behaviour

  4. Injection-molding of sunflower oilcakes • Methodology: [Rouilly, 2002 + 2 PhD thesis] • Twin screw extrusion process: defibration, texturation of protein & compounding • Classical injection-molding‏ • Materials • Properties are density driven • Tensile properties: • UTS up to 12 MPa • Ey up to 2 GPa • Interesting moisture resistance

  5. Examples

  6. Industrial perspective (1/3) • Cost estimate of compounds • Based on Agromat equipment • 0,56 €/Kg (≈ half a basic plastic)

  7. Industrial perspective (2/3) • Injection-molding • Based on flower pots production • Cycle time: ≈ 30s • Specific Know-How

  8. Industrial perspective (3/3) • Environmental benefits of natural biocomposites • Biodegradable material • No waste • Low Carbone Balance®

  9. Conclusion • occurrence of lignocellulosic fibers avoids the complete coagulation of proteins and facilitates processes like extrusion or injection-molding • mechanical properties of oil cake-based materials are lower than for similar starch-based composites but they possess a natural resistance to moisture that should broaden the field of applications, especially for horticulture • the economical and environmental assessments of oil cakes-based are really good

  10. Outlooks • rapeseed and linseed should be tested to evaluate the real potentials and the influence of some specific factors: polyphenolic compounds, amino acid composition, specific constituent (e.g. mucilage, starch..) • the “melt” rheological behavior of oilseed protein is not controlled (cross-linking, kinetic factor...) • improvement of oil cake-based materials should be investigated, the protein enrichment of the oil extraction by-product could be an interesting way

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