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Legacy of the New Deal

Legacy of the New Deal. Great Depression Unit. Ending the New Deal. Many begin to doubt FDR’s New Deal programs when depression does not end Stock Market problems in 1938 and more Americans lose jobs

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Legacy of the New Deal

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  1. Legacy of the New Deal Great Depression Unit

  2. Ending the New Deal • Many begin to doubt FDR’s New Deal programs when depression does not end • Stock Market problems in 1938 and more Americans lose jobs • FDR has hard time passing any new legislation b/c both courts and Congress begin to dislike his policies • Americans begin to look again overseas • Many foreign problems • WWII begins (more Americans go back to work and wartime industry takes off again) • New Deal eases the suffering of people, but WWII ends the depression

  3. Long Term Impact of the New Deal • Extended power of federal gov’t (#1) • Gov’t helps out banks, industry and agriculture • Involvement is permanent • Still manage mortgage loans, still pay subsidies, electricity, watch the stock exchange, etc • Extended power of the President (#2) • Despite all the controversy, FDR is one of the most loved Presidents • FDR sets example that President must have strong executive power and did much to broaden the President’s role

  4. Long Term (Con’t) • Deficit Spending (#3) • Spending more money than the gov’t has in taxes • Also called Keynesian economics (practiced by many Presidents in the future) • Federal Social Programs (#4) • Welfare State – view that the gov’t is responsible for the economic security of the people • Social Security, unemployment, federal housing, education, handicapped, mothers w/ dependent children

  5. Long Term (Con’t) • Concern for workers (#5) • Working to give workers more rights, safer workplaces, and freedom from racial or sexual discrimination • Conservation Gains (#6) • Conservation becomes permanent part of legislation • Mentality of saving farmlands, forests, and America landscape for future generations

  6. Last Effect • Renewed Faith in Democracy (#7) • Great Depression questioned the concept of democracy (especially during a time of rising Communism and Fascism) • Showed that the American form of gov’t was strong enough to protect its people • Prepared America for the struggle that was ahead and the struggles we still face today

  7. Question: What kind of struggles does American ‘democracy’ face in today’s world? • Struggles Against American Democracy??? • Terrorism • Middle Eastern Religious governments • Lack of support among European countries • Lack of support around the world • Lack of knowledge about democracy and the struggle to ensure democracy • *** Apathy of the American people ***

  8. Culture of the Great Depression Great Depression Unit

  9. The Changes for Women • Frances Perkins becomes the 1st female cabinet member • Eleanor Roosevelt becomes active in politics and was a symbol of American women • Moderate, although not great, change in amount of women working and wage increase

  10. African Americans • A. Philip Randolph – organized 1st all black labor union • Black Cabinet – Mary McLeod Bethune, Robert Vann, Robert Weaver who all helped advise FDR on racial issues • Despite increased role in gov’t blacks do not improve much upon rights or wages • FDR does not support anti-lynching laws and fails to protect the rights of many African Americans

  11. Mexican Americans • Many Mexican Americans move into the Southwest part of US. • Take jobs for very little and eventually there is much discrimination towards them • Many are forced to go back home or work for even less • Face many similar issues today

  12. American Indians • One group that made strong gains during the Great Depression • John Collier – Commissioner of Indian Affairs • Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 • Re-establish tribal ownership and tribal gov’t • Encourage tribal festivals and languages • Reduced boarding schools and allowed children education on the reservation

  13. Labor Unions • Unionization greatly increases (3 million to 10 million) • Congress of Industrial Organizations formed (till 1955 when it joins with AFL) • Sit-down strikes become popular • Labor unions gain strength

  14. Motion Pictures and the Radio • Both capture the imagination of the public • Comedies, musicals, love stories and gangster films were all popular • “Gone With the Wind” (1939). “Wizard of Oz” (1939), “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” (1937) • Marx Brothers, Fred Astaire, Ginger Rodgers, Clark Gable • Presented all aspects of American life

  15. Radio • Time for the family to gather together • FDR’s “fireside chats” • Orson Wells and “War of the Worlds” • Comedian Bob Hope began on the radio • News coverage on radio became common (crashing of the Hindenburg in 1937)

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