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Best Practices for Growing Burley Tobacco Post-Buyout: High Yield & Quality Returns

Learn top practices for growing Burley Tobacco post-buyout to optimize yield, quality, and environmental impact reduction. Understand the significance of variety screening, curing methods, nitrogen use, disease management, and supply consistency.

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Best Practices for Growing Burley Tobacco Post-Buyout: High Yield & Quality Returns

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  1. Growing Burley Tobacco in a Post Buyout Environment Dr. Gary Palmer University of Kentucky

  2. Good Agricultural Practices • Produced in a timely manner • Good management essential • Use of agronomically sound practices • Economically viable returns • High yield per acre • Reduce Environmental Impact of Production

  3. What Will the Term Quality Mean? • Desirable for buyer • Contracted amount supplied • Cured properly • Free of foreign material • Low in undesirable elements • Nornicotine • Nitrosamines • nitrate & nitrites • Low pesticide residue • No unlabeled pesticides • No excessive residues of labeled chemicals

  4. Timely Production • Seeding so that plants will be ready to set on time • Watch weather reports to reduce gas expense • Controlling environment to minimize temperature & disease related damage • Disease prevention • To reduce delays • To improve transplant quality

  5. Terramaster for pythium control

  6. Transplant on time • Can improve yield • Reduce disease incidence • Blue mold • Virus complex • Some curing concerns What’s the difference between a good farmer and a bad farmer?

  7. Varieties Will Be Screened • Varieties may have some plants in the population that produce a high amount of nornicotine (Converters) • Nornicotine may lead to NNN (Nitrosonornicotine): one of the Tobacco Specific NitrosAmines • By cleaning up the variety so that most plants have a low level, NNN will develop at only a low level

  8. Some Varieties Will Be Dropped • Screening is expensive and older varieties would cost too much to justify upkeep • Good alternatives are available to replace most older varieties • A good disease package will be essential • Use of some varieties may drop • 14 x L8 • High management • Tendency to initiate suckers early • KY 907 • Lodging & quality • TN 86 • Quality • Public varieties may not be screened • Make sure that the variety you use has been screened

  9. “LC” Varieties • Screened varieties • Re-released as “LC” varieties • “LC” varieties available to growers in 2005 • TN 90LC, TN 86LC, TN 97LC, KT 200LC, KY 907LC • KY 14LC, KY17LC, KY 14 X L8LC • NO difference except for conversion • Same for yield, quality, disease resistance • TN 90 “LC” is still TN 90

  10. Burley Tobacco Variety TrialAcross 8 Locations – 4 Grades Locations: Clinton, Henry, Taylor (3), Trimble(2) & Wayne Counties

  11. Nitrogen Use • Optimum levels • Soil Level of N Lbs. N/ac • High 150-200 • Medium 200-250 • Low 250-300

  12. Nitrogen Changes in Competing Countries • Brazil • Changes • Rate • From 250 lb/a • To 150 lb/a • Type • From Ammonium Nitrate & Urea • To Soda Potash (100% Nitrate Nitrogen)

  13. Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Burley YieldMadison Co. – Gregg Harris Farm All plots received 450 lb/a Ammonium Nitrate Broadcast followed by the remainder of the nitrogen shortly after transplanting. AN = Ammonium Nitrate. 14-0-14 is a calcium/potassium nitrate mix

  14. Disease Management • Crop Rotation • Prevention • Conservation Tillage • Utilization of disease free land

  15. Blue Mold • Preventative • Acrobat • Actigard • Avoid • Shade • Low wet areas • Infected Transplants • Black Shank: • Rotation • Resistant Varieties • Ridomil • Sanitation

  16. Controlling Red Aphids • Admire • Platinum

  17. Pesticide Concerns • Illegal pesticides • Could void contract • Indiscriminant use of labeled pesticides • Endosulfan (Golden Leaf) • MH

  18. Recommended Sucker Control • 1.5 gal MH + .5 gal of either Prime+ or Butralin • Coarse Nozzles • TG-3 if tractor mounted sprayer or high clearance sprayer in rough terrain • TG-5 if high clearance on level ground

  19. Consistent Supply

  20. Topping • Top can vary by company • May change in the future • Top to 23-24 leaves • For companies looking for more tips • Topping height can influence other factors • Leaf spread • Cured leaf color • Root development • Nicotine levels • Disease incidence

  21. Harvest mature tobacco Usually at 4 weeks after topping Weather may delay Late maturing varieties may need more time Harvest date Yield Quality

  22. Harvest Problems • Avoid Green • Sunburn • Mud

  23. Curing Burley Tobacco

  24. Curing Problem • Low humidity/high temperature • Drying, not a cure • Low humidity/satisfactory temperature • Variegated, piebald or green tobacco • Low or high humidity/low temperature • Green tobacco • High humidity/high temperature • House burn, microbial growth and excessive weight loss

  25. Percentage of Tobacco Stripped into Each Grade from 8 Locations Locations: Clinton, Henry, Taylor (3), Trimble(2) & Wayne Counties

  26. Typical Flyings – 4 leaves Lugs – 9 leaves Leaf – 8 leaves Tips – 4 leaves Contract Demand Flyings – 1-3 leaves Lugs – 4-6 leaves Leaf – 11-12 leaves Tips – 4-6 leaves “Crop Throw”

  27. Market Prep & Storage • Wait till cure is complete • No fat stems • Avoid • High moisture • High pressure during baling • Non-tobacco related material • Storage • Minimal amount of time • Avoid plastic • Provide ventilation

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