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Stress, Coping, and Health

Stress, Coping, and Health. Chapter 13. Health Psychology. How psychosocial factors relate to health. Biopsychosocial model. Interaction of Multiple factors Biological Psychological Social. Stress. Circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being.

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Stress, Coping, and Health

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  1. Stress, Coping, and Health Chapter 13

  2. Health Psychology How psychosocial factors relate to health

  3. Biopsychosocial model Interaction of Multiple factors • Biological • Psychological • Social

  4. Stress Circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being

  5. Types of Stress • Frustration • Conflict • Change • Pressure • Eustress= good stress

  6. Frustration • A goal is blocked • For example: • Traffic jam • Plans cancelled

  7. Conflict • Incompatible motivations • Types (Lewin and Miller) • Approach-approach • Avoidance-avoidance • Approach-avoidance

  8. Conflict • Approach-approach Pizza or fries • Avoidance-avoidance beets or brussel sprouts • Approach-avoidance get a date or get rejected

  9. Concept check 13.1 Identifying types of conflicts

  10. Change Noticeable alterations in one’s living circumstances that require readjustment

  11. Change • Can be positive events, still stressful • Can be triggers for psychopathology • Dr. Johnson’s research on life events

  12. Pressure Expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way

  13. Concept check 13.2 Recognizing sources of stress

  14. Responding to stress • Emotional • Physiological • Behavioral

  15. Physiological response • Fight or flight • General adaptation syndrome • Brain-body pathways

  16. Fight or flight What part of the nervous system is responsible?

  17. Fight or flight What part of the nervous system is responsible? Sympathetic nervous system

  18. General adaptation syndrome Selye’s research • Alarm • Resistance • Exhaustion

  19. Path I Hypothalamus SNS Adrenal glands Catecholamines Path 2 Hypothalamus Pituitary Corticosteriods Page 530 Brain-Body pathways

  20. Behavioral responses • Coping • Learned helplessness • Aggression • Self-indulgence • Defensive mechanisms • Constructive coping

  21. Psychological responses • Impaired task performance • Burnout • PTSD • Psychopathology • Positive effects

  22. Physical Health • Psychosomatic ailments • Type A (key is hostility) • Depression • Heart disease • Immune functioning

  23. Featured Study Connecting Stress to the Common Cold

  24. Featured Study • Try to correct for methodological problems in previous studies • Health, personality, and stress evaluation • All quarentined for 9 days

  25. Featured Study • Nasal drops/ 2 groups • experimental= virus • Control= saline (placebo) • Follow up to see who gets sick (remember quarentined)

  26. Featured Study • High stress subjects somewhat more likely to have more colds • Housing with a sick roommate was a confound • Subset of participants with no sick roommate= High stress individuals had more colds

  27. Stress moderators • Social support • Optimism • Conscientousness

  28. Martin Seligman, Ph.D. Book recommendation • Learned Optimism • Authentic Happiness

  29. Martin Seligman, Ph.D. • Learned helplessness • Optimism • Positive psychology • Biological preparedness

  30. Health impairing behaviors • Smoking • Poor nutrition • Lack of exercise • Alcohol and drug use

  31. HIV/AIDS • Transmission • Misconceptions • Prevention • Do you have all the information? Figure 13, 16

  32. Don’t forget • Reactions to illness • Improving coping and management skills • Thinking rationally about health statistics and decisions

  33. Albert Ellis • Rational emotive therapy • A-B-C • Activating event • Belief • Consequence

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