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ICT?. Information technology (IT) is the term used to describe the items of equipment (hardware) and computer programs (software) that allow us to access, retrieve, store, organise, manipulate, and present information by electronic means
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ICT? • Information technology (IT) is the term used to describe the items of equipment (hardware) and computer programs (software) that allow us to access, retrieve, store, organise, manipulate, and present information by electronic means • Communication technology (CT) is the term used to describe telecommunications equipment through which information can be sought and accessed, for example, phones, faxes, modems, and computers’ http://education.massey.ac.nz/lt/NETerm.asp
Information and communication technologies (ICT) in Higher Education: • Telephone, video, audiocassette, television, radio • Videoconferencing, audioconferencing, audiographics • Computer based learning programmes, CD-Rom • Internet-based communication tools (chat, e-mail, computer conferencing, groupware) • WWW-based resources, interactive materials • (WWW-based) learning platforms (WebCT, First Class, FLE, Luvit, Studium, etc.) • Virtual training organisation (eg. Virtual Open University; include course- and student management services and tools)
eLearning 1995 WWW Hypertext Netmeeting 1990 Audiographics Multimedia Video conferencing 1980 Computer mediated communication Computer aided instruction/ Computer assisted learning 1970 Telephone 1800 Study letters
examples how ICT is used in University adult education in Finland: • Open university • long history of distance and ‘multiform studies’ (audio + videocasettes, study letters, telephone, videoconferencing…) • Virtual Open University: http://www.avoin.helsinki.fi/english.shtml • University of third age • learning about ICT and with ICT (for example, “memory net”) • Continuing education • http://www.studium.helsinki.fi • Labour market training for unemployed university graduates and professionals • http://www.apaja.helsinki.fi
How web can be used in HE? integrated to face-to-face learning Overheads in web additional material links to Internet-res. email chat discussion forums Text pictures sound Human commu- cation & inter- action Web-based course conferencing systems discussion forums chat, email Self-study materials Interactive tests hypertext & multimedia Web-based only
Levels of www-solutions: • LEVEL 4: (also) whole learning environment & course management tools • LEVEL 3: (also) structured hypertext documents • LEVEL 2: (also) interaction and communication channels • LEVEL 1: Distribution channel for linear documents LEARNING OUTCOMES MONEY & RESOURCES
’ODD MOTIVES’: all others are doing it… we have the technology… it’s sexy…! to save money and resources… putting national policy into practice… funding available... ’NOT SO ODD MOTIVES’: the quality of learning and teaching will be higher... enables new pedagogical approaches... more opportunities for interaction… access & outreach... ICT is already a part of reality... MOTIVES WHY ICT IS APPLIED...
Self-direction (need for…) Life situation Experiences Problem based learning Community (importance of...) Communicative learning Reflection Emansipatory learning Expansive learning Work as learning environment Contextual learning environment Expertise (development of..) active role, self management access and flexibility (time + place) opportunity to share to others tailor-made paths; information resources discussion forums, web-communities discussion forums, interaction & dialogue delayed text-based communication sharing and reflecting experiences making habits of thinking and action explicit (enables sharing and evaluation) opportunity to study at workplace learning in real environments equal roles, distributed expertise CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT LEARNING & WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT