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THE NETWORK ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE

THE NETWORK ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE. INTEGRATION OF EDUCATION AND CARE IN ECEC. Mexico’s early childhood education and care system. Mexico has a split system in ECEC services at national level, directed to children from 0 to 4 years

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THE NETWORK ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE

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  1. THE NETWORK ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE INTEGRATION OF EDUCATION AND CARE IN ECEC

  2. Mexico’searly childhood education and care system Mexico has a split system in ECECservices at national level, directed to children from 0 to 4 years For children of 5-6 years the national Education System has nearly 100% enrolment in Preschool. The main providers of ECEC services are Federal and state governments. Municipal governments have no legal obligation and therefore there are very few municipal ECEC services. The private sector offers ECEC services at high cost. Additionally, there are few services organized by the community in urban marginalized areas, leaded by social organizations and religious groups.

  3. Evolution of the current system

  4. Governance ECEC structure: Split System (0-3 years old) Education Ministry Health Ministry Social Development Ministry FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare Public Education Sub ministry Social Healthcare Institute (IMSS) Social Development Ministry (SEDESOL) Indigenous Education Social and Security Services for State Workers (ISSSTE) National Council for Educational Promotion (CONAFE) National Family Development System (DIF)

  5. Governance ECEC structure: Preschool(4-6 years old) The Federal Government is responsible for the legal framework of the National Education System Compulsory Preschool services are directed to children of 4-6 years old and are operated (mostly) by the local Ministries of Education Preschool services are only offered by public or private institutions

  6. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Legislation Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare Political Constitution of the United Mexican States Development National Plan (2007-2012) Social Development General Law General Education Law Federal Work Law Indigenous Rights Law Welfare Law Educational Program (2007-2012) Social Security Law Civil Protection Law Discrimination prevention & elimination Federal Law Protection of children & teenagers rights Law

  7. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Objectives Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare Contribute to reduce job access delay and foster its retention for working mothers and single fathers Early childhood education: Improve children’s whole development IMSS: Provide elements to benefit their whole development ISSSTE: Provide care services for child welfare and development Parent-lead early childhood: Promote education, equitable service, committed participation DIF: Provide support to working mothersand offer care services for their children in vulnerable conditions

  8. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Focus of each programme Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare CONAFE: Development of competencies in 4 areas IMSS: Based on children needs and characteristics None explicit educational program ISSSTE: Based on the Preschool Education Program (SEP) Regular System: Development of children in 3 areas DIF: Pedagogic activities based on the Early Childhood National Program (PIE)

  9. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Staff and Ratio Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare Staff CONAFE: Educational Developer DIF: Community Counselor Person in charge of the centre Early Childhood educator Educational assistant, Childcare specialist, Pediatrician, Social worker, Pedagogue, Psychologist, Nurse, Cook, Music teacher Children per class CONAFE: 1:15 IMSS: 1:7 1:13 Regular System: 1:10 ISSSTE: 1:12 DIF: 1:14

  10. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Enrolment (Selective) Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare CENDIs services are directed to parents working in public education institutions ISSSTE: Children of parents working for any public institution Children of working or studying single parents with no access to childcare services from public institutions in urban areas CONAFE services are focused in marginal areas IMSS: Children of parents working for registered private institutions DIF: Children of working parents without social assistance working for registered institutions

  11. Structure of the split system for ECEC 0-4 years old: Term period, Opening hours and Fees Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare Term period CONAFE: 9 months All year around except for national holidays (open on holidays by consent between the director and parents) Regular System: 200 days Opening hours CONAFE: 2 hrs per week IMSS: 9 hours per day 8 hours per day Regular: 4 hrs per day ISSSTE: 40 hours per week DIF: Half day 3 hours Full day 9 hours Fees No fees for enrolment IMSS: 1% of the working mother or father salary Governmental monthly support per child ISSSTE: Service covered by the institution DIF: according to a socio-economic study

  12. Plans for integration: Relevant but isolated efforts Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Health and Care Early Childhood Welfare The Public Education Ministry (SEP) is developing the “Strengthen of early education and child development model” which attempts to unite criteria for all child care institutions Congress recently proposed and is debating on a new Law to regulate all childcare centers SEDESOL is promoting a more comprehensive programme which contemplates more educational contents Health policy for childcare centers has been updated to improve accidents prevention and to promote a better qualitative service

  13. Conclusions Executive and legislative instances must raise their awareness about the need to establish a strong ECEC policy according to a National Plan. An ECEC policy that promotes high quality and whole development for all Mexican children from 0 to 4 years old. It should allow different institutions to provide their particular services and set up general common elements that ensure quality A National Educational Program is also needed to provide all centers with minimum educative objectives for child development

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