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Quagga Mussels in Utah Water Supply Industry Perspective

Quagga Mussels in Utah Water Supply Industry Perspective. Utah Division of Water Resources July 15, 2008. Great Lakes Perspective. Surrounding states and drainage basin. Great Lakes Perspective. 84% of North America’s surface fresh water 21% of world’s supply

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Quagga Mussels in Utah Water Supply Industry Perspective

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  1. Quagga Mussels in UtahWater Supply Industry Perspective Utah Division of Water Resources July 15, 2008

  2. Great Lakes Perspective Surrounding states and drainage basin

  3. Great Lakes Perspective • 84% of North America’s surface fresh water • 21% of world’s supply • 5,473 cubic miles or 18,500,000,000 acre-feet (billion) • “It takes a great deal to push the ecosystem of the Great Lakes, and the mussels have done it.” • Comparison: Lake Powell + Flaming Gorge = 0.2 % volume of Great Lakes

  4. Mussels Now Western US Problem • January 6, 2007 Quaggas@ Lake Mead • Las Vegas Boat Harbor • Arrived 3 years ago • Later found in Lakes Mohave and Havasu • Moved into California & Arizona • August 2007 veligers (larvae) found in Lake Powell

  5. Mussels Now Western US Problem • “California… is worried that the mollusks could damage the system that brings water across the desert to 18 million people in Los Angeles and San Diego.” • Metropolitan Water District of Southern California officials, “…shut down the entire 242-mile aqueduct for three weeks to dry out the canals and use chlorine to kill the mussels.” Done TWICE in 2007. • Major response by • Utah, Nevada, Arizona & California • National Park Service • Southern Nevada Water Authority • Las Vegas Valley Water District

  6. Mussels Now a Utah Problem • None detected in Utah yet, however…. • Conditions in Utah reservoirs are conducive • Top 20 destinations of Lake Mead boaters • #3 Lake Powell • #11 Pineview Reservoir • #12 Bear Lake • #14 Willard Bay • #19 Jordanelle Reservoir • I-80 brings eastern boats to Flaming Gorge • Move downstream from reservoirs

  7. Costs Due to Mussels • If you use electricity & water, you do not want mussels • Costs in this presentation assume state-wide infestation • Worst case scenario • Could take years like eastern US • Cost estimating difficult • Varying & missing data • Different locations: eastern vs. western US • Changes with time: technology & cost indexing • Still needed some estimates

  8. Mussel Costs in the USA • $ 100 + million per year • Electric industry 51% • Water treatment 31% • Industrial 8% • Others 10%

  9. Water Treatment Plant Problems Due to Mussels

  10. Pipeline Problems Due to Mussels • Increased friction & reduced area reduces flow capacity • Pipelines NOT tolerant of reduction • Remove & clean out mussels: more maintenance • Retrofit existing & redesign new pipelines • Continuous chemical feed systems & supplies • Enhanced corrosion resistance: oxidizing chemicals • Pipe cleanout access & dispose of mussels • Large: people Smaller: pigging Smallest: replace • Mussel-resistant coatings in selected areas • Shut down pipeline: maintenance or replace • No cost data for pipeline activities

  11. Pipeline Problems Due to Mussels

  12. Canal Problems Due to Mussels • About 4,573 miles of canals in Utah • Open-channel flow capacity reduced • Earth-lined:24% less, Manning n 0.022  0.029 • Concrete-lined:52% less, Manning n 0.014  0.029 • How tolerant are your canals of such reductions?

  13. Canal Problems Due to Mussels • Mussel growth reduces area & further reduces flow • Annual dewatering • Mussel die-off • Deteriorated water quality • Noxious odor • Clean up dead mussels: maintenance along canal • Valves, screens, grates & facilities maintenance • No cost data for canal activities

  14. Secondary Water Systems Problems Due to Mussels • Outdoor irrigation • Residential lawns, golf courses, cemeteries, fountains • Some industrial cooling • Canal capacity reduced: earth 24% concrete 52% • About 75% end users have • Pressurized, small dia. pipes & sprinkler heads • Easily plugged • Drip systems similarly impacted • No cost data for secondary system activities

  15. Reservoir Problems Due to Mussels • 150+ reservoirs, 100 acres: water storage & recreation • 30 major boating reservoirs • Over 8,000 water bodies in Utah • Seasonal water level changes: massive mussel die-off • Deteriorated water quality & noxious odor

  16. Reservoir Problems Due to Mussels • Clean up dead mussels • Beaches unusable • Cut feet • Limited access • Noxious odor • No cost data for reservoir activities

  17. Prepare your plan Detection Notification Colonization Extent Response Team Communications Resources Permits Quarantine Containment Monitoring Plan Effectiveness Play Out Mock Scenario Water Supplier Rapid Response PlanP 6= Proper Prior Preparation Prevents Poor Performance

  18. Water Supplier Rapid Response Plan • Model Plans Available • Columbia River Basin Plan & Exercise • California AIS Mgt Plan • U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service Model Plan • Sign email list & all sent to you • Coordinate your agency plan with State of Utah, AIS Interdiction Act & DWR R657-60 Rules

  19. Quagga mussels are just plain bad for Utah So all of this is to prevent our descent into…… the Quagga-mire

  20. Discussion mikesuflita@utah.gov

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