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Water Reuse and Urban and Periurban Agriculture

Water Reuse and Urban and Periurban Agriculture. Javier Mateo-Sagasta Dávila ( javier.mateosagasta@fao.org ) FAO Land and Water Division. Outline. Problems of rapid urbanization How UPA contributes to solve these problems UPA needs Resources Water Reuse

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Water Reuse and Urban and Periurban Agriculture

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  1. Water Reuse and Urban and Periurban Agriculture Javier Mateo-Sagasta Dávila (javier.mateosagasta@fao.org) FAO Land and Water Division

  2. Outline • Problemsof rapid urbanization How UPA contributes to solve these problems UPA needs Resources • Water Reuse • Benefits of water reuse in UPA • Barriers for water reuse in UPA • Responses to overcome these barriers

  3. Rapid urbanization

  4. Rapid urbanization 70% URBAN 50% RURAL

  5. Some related problems • Poverty belts: unemployment, food insecurity and malnutrition • Water supply: not enough water to cope with increasing demands • Insufficient sanitation: exposure to pollutants

  6. Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture • WHAT IT IS ? • It is the safe production of agriculture products in and around the cities. Involving 800 millionurban residents worldwide

  7. UPA contributes to solve urbanization problems • Availability of nutritious food • Employment and income • Greener cities • Recycling of wastes

  8. Examples of sustainable UPA

  9. Examples of sustainable UPA Percentage of urban households participating in agricultural activities in selected countriesSource: Zezza and Tasciotti (2010).

  10. Examples of sustainable UPA • Dakar, Senegal

  11. Resources for UPA WATER ORGANIC MATTER LAND NUTRIENTS (N, P…)

  12. Water for UPA • UPArequires water of enough quality • (not necessarily drinking water quality)

  13. Water for UPA In water scarce regions, in periods of drought and in a context of deficient sanitation, there is low availability of clean water in and around cities

  14. Water for UPA How to provide affordable and safe water to UPA without interfering drinking water supply?: Safe use of treated wastewater Rainwater harvesting in urban areas

  15. Benefits of Water Reuse • Reliable source of water and nutrients for agriculture • Preventing pollution downstream Linear society: Pollution and Resources wasted Recycling society: Water Reuse and Nutrients recycling

  16. Barriers and Responses • Response • Options to minimize risks • Treatment options • Non-treatment options • Health and Environmental Risks

  17. Barriers and Responses • Negative Public Perception • Terminology • Cultural problems • Religious concerns • Response • Advocacy and awareness campaigns

  18. Barriers and Responses • Response • Coordination mechanisms • Platforms for negotiation. • Institutional complexity • Are responsibilities and jurisdictions among parties clear? • Agriculture • Cities • Environment • Health

  19. Barriers and Responses • Response • Low cost technologies • Economic appraisal • Economic Feasibility • Benefits > Costs? • The most cost-effective alternative? • Who will pay for the costs of a reuse project?

  20. Barriers and Responses • Response • Urban planning • Land Tenure Insecurity • No incentives for investment

  21. Summary and conclusions Recycling society Win Win • Cities providing water, nutrients and organic matter to agriculture • Agriculture providing food, employment and income to the cities and improving the urban landscape. Barriers to be overcome Response options

  22. THANK YOU!

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