Spelling Rules

1. Spelling Rules ELD Class

2. Introduction - Spelling • “Spelling words correctly in the English Language can be very difficult. There are many rules to follow. Let’s start by looking at some rules and exceptions. Focus on the patterns since most words do follow them.

3. Lesson #1 • When a prefix is added to a word, the spelling of the original word does not change. • In+secure = insecure • pre+mix =premix • il+legible =illegible

4. Lesson #1 cont. • When a suffix beginning with a consonant is added to a word ending in a silent e usually the silent e is retained. • retire+ment= retirement • Live+ly= lively • grace+ful= graceful

5. Lesson #1 cont. • Exceptions to the rule. • True+ly = truly • Whole+ly = wholly • Due+ly = duly

6. Lesson #1 cont. • The silent e is also retained in words ending in ce or ge when adding a suffix beginning in an a or o. • Courage+ous= courageous • Service+able = serviceable

7. Lesson #1 cont. • When a suffix beginning with a vowel is added to a word ending in silent e, usually the silent e is dropped. • Adore+able = adorable • love+able =lovable

8. Now you try  • Underline the word that is spelled incorrectly. Write the correct spelling on the line. • 1. My mother is really loveable. • 2. His paintings are really amazeing. • 3. We all need to learn the safty procedures.

9. Lesson #2 • When adding a suffix to a word ending in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to an i then add the suffix. • Ready+ness = readiness • Easy+ly = easily

10. Lesson #2 cont. • An exception to this rule: When the suffix itself begins with an i the y does not change. • Horrify+ing = horrifying • Rely+ing + relying

11. Lesson #2 cont. • When adding a suffix to a word ending in y preceded by a vowel, the y usually does not change. • play+ful = playful • employ+er= employer

12. Lesson #2 cont. • Exceptions to this rule include. • Day+ly = daily • Pay=ed = paid

13. Now you try • Choose the correct spelling of each set of words. • Frying fring • Happiness happyness • Ladies ladyes • Staing staying

14. Lesson #3 • A prefix is a word part: it is added to the beginning of a word, which is then known as the root. When a prefix is added to a root, the meaning of the word is changed. This new word combines the meaning of the prefix and the root. For example, the prefix un-means “not” or “reverse.” this prefix may be attached to different root words.

15. Lesson #3 cont. • Examples • Untied= not tied • Unequal= not equal • Unfinished= not finished • Unrealistic= not realistic

16. Lesson #3 cont. • Prefix Meaning Example • Re to do again redo • Un not unknown • Anti against antigravity • Dis not dishonest • Sub under submarine

17. Lesson 3 cont. • Circle the prefix in each of the following words. Then using the meanings of the prefix and the root along with your own knowledge, write a definition for each word.

18. Now you try • 1. rewrite _____________________ • 2.unhappy_____________________ • 3. antisocial___________________ • 4. dishonest___________________ • 5. subnormal ___________________

19. Lesson #4 • A prefix is a word part: it is added to the beginning of a word, which is then known as the root. When a prefix is added to a root, the meaning of the word is changed. This new word combines the meaning of the prefix and the root

20. Lesson #4 cont. • Now you try  • Work on the separate worksheet. • Please do not write on it. • http://www.esl-galaxy.com/prefix/Common%20prefix%20match.pdf

21. Lesson # 5 • Review lessons 1-4

22. Lesson #6 • Many words in the English language have word parts from other languages or earlier forms of English. A root is a part of a word that carries the word’s core meaning. Other word parts can be added to a root to create different words. Learning to recognize roots help increase your vocabulary.

23. Lesson #6 cont. • Work on the separate worksheet. • http://www.edhelper.com/language/word_roots6298.html

24. Lesson #7 • A suffix is a word part that can be added to the end of a root word. Often, adding a suffix changes not only the part of speech of the root word, it also changes its meaning. • Example

25. Lesson #8

26. Lesson #8 cont. • Circle the suffix in each of the following. Then using the meaning of the suffix and the root, along with your own knowledge, write a definition for each word. • Cheerful • Lovable • Courageous

27. Lesson #9 • A well known and helpful spelling rule is expressed in the following rhyme: “I before e except after c, or when sounded like ‘a’ as in ‘neighbor’ or ‘weight.’”

28. Lesson # 9 cont. • This means: • Spell a word with ‘ie’ when the sound made by that letter combination is long ‘e’, unless the ‘ie’ combination occurs after a ‘c’. • Examples: • field, grief, niece, believe, brief, relieve • Exceptions to this rule: • either, leisure, neither, seize, weird

29. Lesson # 9 cont. • Spell a word with ‘ei’ when the sound made by that letter combination is long ‘e’ and when this sounds occurs after a ‘c’. • Examples: • Receive, ceiling, deceive, perceive

30. Lesson #9 cont. (2nd day) • Spell a word with ‘ei’ when the sound made by that letter combination is long ‘a’ • Examples: • Heir, veil, weigh, freight, neighbor, reign,

31. Lesson #9 cont. • Also spell a word with ‘ei’ when the sound made by that letter combination is NOT long ‘e’. • Examples: • foreign, height • Some exceptions to this rule: • friend, mischief, view, ancient, die, science

32. Now you try  • Underline the correct spelling in each pair of parenthesis. • 1. Drivers must (yield, yeild) to pedestrians. • 2.The movie had a (weird, weird) ending. • 3. You need to paint the (ceiling, ceiling.)

33. Lesson # 9