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Balance of Power

Quaestio : How and against whom did Monarchs compete for power in Medieval Europe? Nunc Agenda : Answer the questions on your sheet using pages 248-249 in the textbook. Balance of Power. Three groups competing for power during Middle Ages: Monarchs Nobles The Church

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Balance of Power

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  1. Quaestio: How and against whom did Monarchs compete for power in Medieval Europe?Nunc Agenda: Answer the questions on your sheet using pages 248-249 in the textbook

  2. Balance of Power • Three groups competing for power during Middle Ages: • Monarchs Nobles The Church • All three had their own courts, armies, and tax collectors • High Middle Ages (1000-1300): Monarchs centralize power • Townspeople supported strong Monarchies because they provided peace and unity that was better for trade

  3. British Isles

  4. William the Conqueror • When Rome fell, Britannia was invaded and settled by Germanic AnglesandSaxons, and later Vikings • 1066- Anglo-Saxon KingEdward died with noheir, brother-in lawchosen as new king • William, Duke ofNormandy (in NorthernFrance) and relative ofKing Edward, invadedEngland and becamethe new King “Williamthe Conqueror”

  5. English Kings Grow Strong • William expanded royal power by • Requiring vassals to swear allegiance to him before their lord • Keeping many lands for himself alone • Domesday Book (1086) - Census (population count) of England used to create an organized tax system • 1154- King Henry II expanded royal power by • Creating royal laws which applied to all of England and overruled the feudal laws of local lords • Claiming the right to putclergyon trial, and sending his knights to kill the Archbishop of Canterbury for opposing him

  6. REMINDERBalance of Power • Three groups competing for power during Middle Ages: • Monarchs Nobles The Church

  7. Limits on Royal Power John • King John Lackland(son of Henry II, brother of Richard) had three enemies and he lost to all of them: • King Philip II of France (Monarch)- Beat John in war and took over the English-controlled lands of Normandy & Anjou (today in France) • Pope Innocent III (Church)- Excommunicated John for opposing his choice for archbishop AND placed England under interdict until John accepted England as a fief of the Pope • His own Barons (Nobles)- Forced John to sign the Magna Cartaor “Great Charter” which limited the king’s power and gave rights to the nobles (and English)

  8. Page 246

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