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Inquiry 1: A New Vision of Humanity

Inquiry 1: A New Vision of Humanity. Italian Renaissance. Artistic Renewal Inspired by Greece and Rome Beauty of the human body Secular (non-religious) Perspective (give dimension to painting) Sfumato (hazy effect). Humanist Thought. Human beings as the central concern, not God

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Inquiry 1: A New Vision of Humanity

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  1. Inquiry 1: A New Vision of Humanity

  2. Italian Renaissance • Artistic Renewal • Inspired by Greece and Rome • Beauty of the human body • Secular (non-religious) • Perspective (give dimension to painting) • Sfumato (hazy effect)

  3. Humanist Thought • Human beings as the central concern, not God • Started to question the meaning of life • Doubt • Freedom of thought • Need to know – observations • Tolerance • Progress of science

  4. Christendom • Roman Catholic • Birth of Protestantism • Lutheran (Martin Luther) • Calvinism (John Calvin) • Anglican (King Henry VIII)

  5. Council of Trent • Bishops and priests supervise parish priests • Colleges to educate priests • Official version of Bible in Latin • All done by Pope in hopes of reuniting Christians (note: this didn’t work)

  6. Japanese Society • Shogun • Mikado • Daimios • Samurai • after masters death they did a ritual suicide • Peasants, artisans, and merchants

  7. Japanese Art • Landscaping • Architecture • Painting • Theatre (Noh)

  8. Terms • Secular • Patron • Theologian • Clergy • Reform • Indulgence • Polytheist • Excommunicate • Annul • heretic

  9. Inquiry 2: European Expansion in the World

  10. Motives to explore the world • Economic Motives • GOLD • Spices, silk, minerals, etc. • Political Motives • GLORY • More land • Religious Motives • GOD • Spread Christianity

  11. Navigation Tools • Ships • Caravel, Cog, Carrack • Astrolabe • Compass • Portolan

  12. Triangular Trade Route • Mother Country  African Colony • Cloth, metal, firearms • African Colony  New World • Slaves • New World  Mother Country • Metal, cocoa, corn, fur, tobacco, cotton, fish, sugar

  13. Effects of Colonization on Conquered People • Epidemics • Massacres • Forces labour • Economic dependence • Cultural loss

  14. Explorers • Christopher Columbus • Vasco da Gama • John Cabot • Ferdinand Magellan • Jacques Cartier • Samuel de Champlain • Marco Polo

  15. Terms • Indigenous People • Middlemen • Monarch • Pagan • Empire • Colony • Mother Country • Barter • Conquistador • Missionary

  16. Inquiry 4: IndustrializationAn economic and social revolution

  17. Advances in Agriculture • Crop Rotation • Manure as fertilizer • Higher quality seed • Plough improvement • Thresher driven by water wheel

  18. Inventions • Spinning wheel  Spinning Mule • Steam engine (James Watt) • Railway • Coal and iron

  19. From cottage to factory • COTTAGE • Slow production • Small quantity • High cost • High quality • FACTORY • Fast production • Large quantity • Low cost • Low quality

  20. Working class vs. Bourgeois • Working Class • Lived close to factory • Small, crammed, dirty houses (epidemics) • High rent, many people • Poor ventilation • Children worked, no school • Wages: • Men = full • Women = ½ • Children = ¼ • Bourgeois • Factory owners • Spacious living area • Comfortable houses with servants • Children went to school

  21. Social Classes • Industrial bourgeoisie • Entrepreneurs, bankers • Petty bourgeoisie • Lawyers, doctors, civil servants • Working class • Factory workers

  22. Child Labour • Small hands to get into machines • Whipped if not on task • Many died young due to exhaustion • Permanently stunted due to heavy labour

  23. Trade Union • Higher wages • Reduced working hours • Right to strike • Socialism = for the government and factory owner • Liberalism = for the workers rights • Persuaded government to pass labour laws

  24. U.S.A. • Steamship • Telephone (Alexander Graham Bell) • Electric light bulb (Thomas Edison) • Airplane (Wright brothers) • Gas (Rockefeller) • Order of the Knights of Labor • Labour movement

  25. Germany • Ruhr Valley • Krupp company • Iron and steel plants to make weapons

  26. Terms • Industrialization • Ironmonger • Entrepreneur • Capital ($$$) • Urbanization • Social class • Monopoly

  27. End of slave TRADE 1807-1818 End of SLAVERY 1833 - 1865 Inquiry 5: Imperialism and Colonization

  28. Colonization • Economic Motive • Needed raw material • New markets and companies to invest in • Political Motive • Increase land ownership • “Scramble for Africa” – to claim land for Mother Country • Social Motive • Get rid of excess population • Moved poorer people to move to the new colony

  29. Raw Materials • Minerals • Gold, diamonds, copper, etc. • Ivory • Wood • Rubber

  30. Berlin Conference • Practice free trade • Slaves prohibited • Importing weapons to Africa prohibited • Country must occupy colony to claim the region

  31. Effects on Africa • Racial discrimination • Economic exploitation • Cultural loss • Forced Labour • If resisted, they were killed

  32. Battle over land • Europeans fighting amongst themselves for land rights • Partly the cause of WWI

  33. Terms • Nationalism • Hydrography • Pact • Allies

  34. Inquiry 6: Winning of Civil Rights and Freedoms

  35. Great Depression • Economic crisis • Abandoned free trade • High unemployment rate

  36. Treaty of Versailles • Germany • Had to abolish military • No right to rearm • Give up territory and colonies in Europe

  37. WWII • Hitler voted to change German government from democracy to authoritarian regime • Went against the Treaty of Versailles

  38. United Nations • UN created after WWII to prevent another war • Foster peace • Respect of human rights • Improve living conditions for all • Universal Declaration of Human Rights

  39. Decolonization • India (Mohandas Gandhi) • Africa (HabibBourguiba) • How to balance old life and new life • Language • Culture • Religion

  40. Civil Rights - USA • Life for blacks after abolition of slavery • Martin Luther King • Rosa Parks • KKK (Ku Klux Klan) • Poorer conditions • High unemployment rate • Ban from areas (segregation) • Racism • Civil rights act to recognize blacks and whites as equals • To stop segregation

  41. South Africa • Apartheid System • Population Registration Act • Classify as a racial group • Group Area Act • Non-whites excluded from areas • Nelson Mandela and Frederik De Klerk • Proved that black and white can work together

  42. Feminist Movement • Right to vote • Canada – 1917 Quebec – 1940 • Marches, vandalized male areas (golf), disturbed political meetings, etc. • Childrearing and housekeeping • Wanted higher education • Wanted jobs

  43. Adolf Hitler (Anti-semitism) • Nuremberg Laws • Jews stripped of German Citizenship • No political rights • Jews and non-Jews couldn’t marry • Property confiscated • Had to identify by yellow star • Holocaust • Genocide • Anne Frank

  44. Terms • Civil Rights • Protectionism • Charter • Mandate • Boycott • Repression • Dissidence • Segregation • Apartheid • Propaganda • Genocide • Indochina

  45. Inquiry 7: GlobalizationA social phenomenon of the present

  46. Globalization • Common currency • International organization and business

  47. Labour • Multinational • Free Trade

  48. Globalization on Poor Countries • Debt • Lack of investment • Difficulty for agricultural countries

  49. Affect on... • Health • Spread of disease • pollution • Culture • Internet • Advantages and disadvantages • TV, music, books, film, etc. • Americanized • Politics • NAFTA • G8 • UN

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