Download
1 / 21
310 likes | 489 Views
Introduction to Management. Objectives. Identify the functions of management. Describe how the functions of management have evolved over time. Explain the nature of management at different organizational levels. Describe the needs that are needed in order to be an effective manager. .
E N D
Objectives • Identify the functions of management. • Describe how the functions of management have evolved over time. • Explain the nature of management at different organizational levels. • Describe the needs that are needed in order to be an effective manager.
Management • The process of reaching organizational goals by working with people and other resources. • Must focus on reaching organizational goals, and they should use their resources to accomplish those goals.
THE FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Introduction to Management
Four Functions of Management • Planning • Organizing • Leading • Controlling
Planning • Determining the organizational goals and how to achieve them. • Outlines how to be successful • Selecting the best course of action to reach success
Organizing • Assigning tasks to various individuals or groups • Puts the plan into action • Allocating work assignments that contribute to achieving the goals • Primary way to activate the plan
Leading • Guiding the activities of the organization’s members • Motivating and directing • Effective communication
Controlling • Making things happen as planned • Continuing process of monitoring the progress being made by your workers • Gathering information and measuring performance • Performance must be measured against some standard
Effectively and Efficiently • Strategic approach • Each decision should be aligned with the goals of the organization • Effectively – successfully • Efficiently – using as few resources as possible
MANAGEMENT LEVELS Introduction to Management
Leadership vs. Management LEADERSHIP MANAGEMENT • Guiding the behavior of others. • Accomplishing something through people. • Model behavior • More concerned with all the other resources available to them. • Managers must bring all resources together to accomplish their goals.
Levels of Management • Top-level • Middle-level • Lower-level
Top-level Managers • Develops the ‘big picture’ • Vision, mission, strategies • Executives (CEO, CFO, COO) • Increasingly assuming leadership roles
Middle-level Managers • In charge of the implementation of the strategies formulated by the top-level managers. • Department head, division head, district manager, regional manager, etc. • Create more specific goals (short-term) and business plans for the lower-level managers
Lower-level Managers • Directly supervise non-manager employees • Limited policy-making authority • Make short-term decisions • Sales manager, store manager, etc. • Entry-level management roles
MANAGEMENT THEORIES Introduction to Management
1. The Classical Approach • First concentrated effort to study management • Management is focused on managing the total organization and finding the best way to accomplish a task • First to identify functions of management
2. The Behavioral Approach • Management strives to increase production by understanding the people • Adapting the organization to the people
3. Management by Objectives • Manager and subordinate would get together and set goals for the subordinate • Goal achievement would be a factor in evaluating the subordinate’s job performance.
Theory X and Y • Involved assumptions managers would make about people. • If a manager used Theory X, he felt that his workers were lazy, lacked initiative and disliked work. • Theory Y referred to workers that were full of initiative, self-directed and committed to the organization.
