Internet of Things (IoT) - We Are at the Tip of An Iceberg

1. Internet of Things (IOT) 
 - We Are At The Tip of An Iceberg - Dr. Mazlan Abbas MIMOS Berhad August 26, 2014 Wisma IEM, Petaling Jaya “How much more IOT can do is only left to your imagination and to your budget. You can do as little or as much with IoT as you want.”

4. History of Internet of Things

5. More Connected Devices Than People World 6.8 Billion 7.6 Billion Population Connected Devices 6.3 Billion 7.2 Billion 25 Billion 50 Billion 500 Million 12.5 Billion More connected devices than people 1.84 6.58 Connected Devices Per Person 0.08 3.47 2015 2020 2003 2010 [Source: Cisco IBSG, April 2011]

6. Internet of Things Wave Sensing as a Service and Big Data Arkady Zaslavsky#1, Charith Perera#*2, Dimitrios Georgakopoulos#3 Expected  growth  in  the  number  of  connected  devices     #ICT Centre, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia arkady.zaslavsky@csiro.au 2charith.perera@csiro.au dimitrios.georgakopoulos@csiro.au *Research School of Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia Abstract— Internet of Things (IoT) will comprise billions of devices that can sense, communicate, compute and potentially actuate. Data streams coming from these devices will challenge the traditional approaches to data management and contribute to the emerging paradigm of big data. This paper discusses emerging Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, large scale sensor network applications, federating sensor networks, sensor data and related context capturing techniques, challenges in cloud-based management, storing, archiving and processing of sensor data. Keywords—Big Data, Sensing as a Service, Internet of Things, Large Scale Sensor Networks, Cloud Computing, Data Management. can be collected, analysed and interpreted. Further, European Commission [7] predicts that the present 'Internet of PCs' will move towards an 'Internet of Things' in which 50 to 100 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2020. Definition of IoT* : Intelligent interactivity between human and things to exchange information & knowledge for new value creation. 1.Introduction The modern technology-savvy world is full of devices comprising sensors, actuators, and data processors. Such concentration of computational resources enables sensing, capturing, collection and processing of real time data from billions of connected devices serving many different applications including environmental monitoring, industrial applications, business and applications. These developments have brought us to the era of Internet of Things (IoT) [1] by introducing IoT in 1998as concept [2]. However, sensing the environment around us and objects populating this environment became synonymous with the introduction of pervasive or ubiquitous computing by the paper  ‘The  Computer  for  21stCentury’  [3] in 1991 in the same year where World Wide Web became available. The major enabler of IoT is sensor networks. IoT has three unique features [4]: intermittent sensing, regular data collection, and Sense-Compute-Actuate (SCA) loops. In 2010, the total amount of data on earth exceeded one zettabyte (ZB) [5], [6](see figure 1). By end of 2011, the number grew up to 1.8 ZB [7]. Further, it is expected that this number will reach 35 ZB in 2020. As in many cases with ICT, this estimate may prove to be too conservative. IEEE Spectrum [6] recognises both sensors and big data as to of the five technologies that will shape the world (figure 2). According to Gartner Research [8], by 2015, wirelessly networked sensors in everything we own will form a new Web. But it will only be of value if the 'terabyte' of data it generates ©  2013  MIMOS  Berhad.  All  Rights  Reserved.   Figure 1: The total amount of data generated on earth exceeded one zettabyte in 2010.It is predicted that data volume will grow exponentially as depicted1. *National IoT Blueprint (Draft) human-centric pervasive Figure 2: Data generated from the Internet of Things will grow exponentially as the number of connected nodes increases. Estimated numbers of connected nodes based on different sectors are presented in Millions [9]. 1 www.teradata.com

7. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

8. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

9. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

10. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

11. Unlocking the Massive Potential of IoT

12. Convergence of Technology Trends IOT Applications

13. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

14. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

15. Cisco’s Study on Internet of Everything (IOE) USD 1.9 Trillion in the next decade [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

16. Smart Building Poised to generate $100Billion by lowering operating costs by reducing energy consumption through the integration of HVAC and other systems. [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

17. Gas Monitoring Generate USD 69Billion by reducing meter-reading costs and increasing the accuracy of readings for citizens and municipal utility agencies. [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

18. Create USD 41Billion by providing visibility into the availability of parking spaces across the city. Smart Parking Residents can identify and reserve the closest available space, traffic wardens can identify non-compliant usage, and municipalities can introduce demand- based pricing. [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

19. Water Management Could generate USD 39Billion by connecting the household water meter over an IP network to provide remote information on use and status [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

20. Tipping  Point   “We are at the tipping point for broader IoT adoption with 53 percent of organizations planning to implement an IoT solution in the next 24 months. Organizations in Asia Pacific and Latin America are more aggressive with 69 and 60 percent, respectively, planning to implement over the same time period” [Source: “Building Value from Visibility.” – A Forrester Consulting Thought Leadership paper Commissioned by Zebra Technologies, October 2012]

21. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

22. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

23. [Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

24. New Business Model The Internet of Things is not just about gathering of data but also about the analysis and use of data.

25. “Big Data is not magic. It doesn’t matter how much data you have if you can’t make sense of it.”

26. Growth of “Things” Connected to the Internet

27. More Important Evaluated understanding Wisdom Appreciation of Understanding WHY Answers to questions. HOW Knowledge Answers to questions WHERE WHEN WHO WHAT Information Less Important Data Symbols The more data that is created, the better understanding and wisdom people can obtain.

28. Sensing-as-a-Service : An IoT Cloud Service

29. IoT  Cloud  

30. Data Priv@cy Building Trust in the Digital Economy

31. Sensor Classification Scheme Based on Ownership Commercial Sensor Data Providers Organizations Personal and Households Private Public Public infrastructure such as bridges, roads, parks, etc. All the sensors deployed by the government will be published in the cloud depending on government policies. Business entities who deploy and manage sensors by themselves by keeping ownership. They earn by publishing the sensors and sensor data they own through sensor publishers. All personal items, such as mobile phones, wrist watches, spectacles, laptops, soft drinks, food items and household items, such as televisions, cameras, microwaves, washing machines, etc Private business organization has the right to take the decision whether to publish the sensors attached to those items to the cloud or not. [Source: “Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things”, Charith Perera et. al., Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technology, 2014]

32. The Sensing-as-a-Service Model [Source: “Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things”, Charith Perera et. al., Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technology, 2014]

33. Sensing-As-A-Service BENEFITS

34. Harnessing the of the Application Developers

35. Built-in Cloud Computing – “Pay-per-Use”

36. Participatory Sensing - “Rapid deployment”

37. Sharing and Reusing – “Free or Paid”

38. Reduction of Data Acquisition Cost – “Sustainable Business Model”

39. Collect Data Previously Unavailable – “Assist scientific community or survey activities”

40. “New Perspectives” “New Perspectives”

41. IoT Applications - Examples

42. Smart Home Scenario – Interactions in Sensing-as-a- Service Model [Source: “Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things”, Charith Perera et. al., Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technology, 2014]

43. Efficient Waste Management in Smart Cities Supported by the Sensing-as-a-Service [Source: “Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things”, Charith Perera et. al., Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technology, 2014]

44. IOT Application Scenario - Shopping (2) When shopping in the market, the goods will introduce themselves. (1) When entering the doors, scanners will identify the tags on her clothing. (4) When paying for the goods, the microchip of the credit card will communicate with checkout reader. (3) When moving the goods, the reader will tell the staff to put a new one.

45. Efficient and Effective Collaborative Research Supported by Sensing-as-a-Service Model The sensing-as-a-service model allows researchers to share resources across borders and understand phenomenon which are not available in their own countries.

46. Crowdsensing  

47. Smartphone as Your “Sensing Assistant” Sensors: •  Camera – “Eyes” •  Audio – “Ears” •  Accelerometer – “Speed” •  GPS – “Location” •  Gyroscope – “Movement” •  Compass – “Direction” •  Proximity – “Closeness” •  Ambient light – “Eyes” •  Others… Crowdsourcing Via Crowdsensing Context 1.  Spatial – Location / Speed Orientation 2.  Temporal – Time / Duration 3.  Environmental – Temperature / Light / Noise Level 4.  User Characterization – Activity (Mobility Pattern) / Social (Friends, Interactions) 5.  Resource Availability – Storage / Memory / Computational / Battery

48. NoiseTube – Crowdsourcing of Pollution Data Using Smartphones. What Motivates? Citizens and Communities concerned with noise •  Measure your daily sound exposure in dB(A) with your mobile phone •  Tag noisy sources to inform the community about them •  Visualize your measurements on a map and contribute to the creation of collective, city-wide noise maps •  Compare your experience with that of others Local governments / city planners •  Improve decision-making by understanding local and global noise pollution in your city using maps and statistics •  Get immediate feedback and opinions from citizens •  Give immediate feedback to citizens Researchers •  Get access to and analyze (anonymized) collective noise data •  Find out what is important in soundscape perception Developers •  Extend our mobile app in whichever way you see fit •  Use our environmental sensor web API to do your own web mashups •  •  •  •  [Note: See Google Map View]

49. Urban Crowdsensing

50. Functional View of IOT Technologies