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Exploring Multimethod Research Designs for Enhanced Insights

Delve into the world of multimethod research, blending qualitative and quantitative approaches for deeper insights. Learn about advantages, applications, design types, and strategies. Discover diverse quantitative research purposes like clinical trials, evaluation, and more.

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Exploring Multimethod Research Designs for Enhanced Insights

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  1. Chapter 12Undertaking Research for Specific Purposes

  2. Multimethod (or Mixed Method) Research A design that blends qualitative and quantitative data and strategies in a single project

  3. Advantages of Multimethod Research • Complementarity • Enhanced theoretical insights • Incrementality • Enhanced validity • Creating new frontiers

  4. Applications of Multimethod Research • Instrument development • Explicating and validating constructs • Hypothesis generation • Illustration, clarification, and amplification • Understanding relationships and causal processes • Theory building, testing, and refinement

  5. Multimethod Research Designs • Component designs • Integrated designs

  6. Component Multimethod Designs • Qualitative and quantitative aspects are implemented as discrete components of the inquiry, and remain distinct during data collection and analysis • Types of component designs: • Triangulated design • Complementarity design • Expansion design

  7. Integrated Multimethod Designs • Integration of methods at all phases of the project, from the development of research questions, to data collection and analysis, to interpretation of results • Types of integrated designs: • Iterative design • Embedded (nested) design • Holistic design • Transformative design

  8. Strategies for Multimethod Research • Clinical trials • Evaluation research • Surveys • Ethnographies

  9. Obstacles to Multimethod Research • Epistemologic biases • Costs • Researcher training • Analytic challenges • Publication biases

  10. Types of Quantitative Research with Different Purposes • Studies that are usually experimental/quasi-experimental: • Clinical trials • Evaluation research • Intervention research

  11. Types of Quantitative Research with Different Purposes (cont’d) • Studies that can be experimental or nonexperimental: • Outcomes research • Replication studies • Methodologic research

  12. Types of Quantitative Research with Different Purposes (cont’d) • Studies that are usually nonexperimental: • Survey research • Needs assessments • Secondary analysis • Meta-analysis • Delphi surveys

  13. Clinical Trials Studies that develop and test the effectiveness of clinical interventions

  14. Phases of a Full Clinical Trial • Phase I: finalizes the treatment (e.g., to determine things like drug dose and safety) • Phase II: seeks preliminary evidence of effectiveness • Phase III: fully tests the treatment (randomized clinical trial or RCT) • Phase IV: focuses on long-term consequences of the treatment

  15. Key Issues, Activities, and Products of Phase I Developmental Work for Nursing Interventions

  16. Evaluation Research Examines how well a specific program, practice, procedure, or policy is working Types of evaluation: • Process (implementation) analysis • Outcome analysis • Impact analysis • Cost analysis

  17. Intervention Research Research with a distinctive process of planning and testing interventions. Steps include: • Project planning; development of an intervention theory • An intervention design, flowing from the theory • Implementation of a data collection system • Testing the intervention, in progressive stages • Dissemination of the results and intervention

  18. Outcomes Research Documents the quality and effectiveness of health care and nursing services Framework for outcomes research: • Structure of care (organizational features) • Nursing processes (aspects of clinical decision making and interventions) • Patient characteristics • Clinical outcomes

  19. Survey Research • Obtains information about the prevalence, distribution, and interrelations of variables within a population • Modes of administration: • Personal (face-to-face) interviews • Telephone interviews • Self-administered questionnaires • Internet surveys

  20. Secondary Analysis • Studies using previously gathered data to test new hypotheses • Alternative strategies: • Examine relationships not previously analyzed • Focus on a subgroup within the data set (e.g., males only) • Change the unit of analysis

  21. Needs Assessments • Studies to estimate the needs of a group, community, or organization • Needs assessment approaches: • Key informant approach • Survey approach • Indicators approach

  22. Delphi Surveys A tool for planning and short-term forecasting. Procedures include: • Distributing questionnaires to an expert panel • Tabulating responses and distributing results back to the panel • Completing follow-up rounds of surveys (typically 3 or more rounds to achieve consensus)

  23. Replication Studies • Studies to determine if findings from an original study can be duplicated in another independent study • Types of replication: • Identical replication • Virtual replication • Systematic extension replication

  24. Methodologic Research Investigations of the ways of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing data Examples: • Developing and evaluating a new data collection instrument • Testing the effectiveness of stipends in facilitating recruitment

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