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CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

Explore the historical development and application of modeling in surface water quality engineering, from empirical to mechanistic models. Learn about various models including Secchi disk, Vollenwieder plot, mass balance, and more. Understand the importance of model reliability, complexity, and balance in managing water quality problems effectively. Dive into the evolution of modeling techniques over time and their role in addressing ecosystem changes, climate impacts, and pollution control. Discover the significance of kinetic resolution and spatial-temporal resolutions in modeling water quality parameters. Enhance your understanding of water quality issues and modeling principles in engineering practices.

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CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

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  1. CE4505 Surface Water Quality Engineering Modeling Lecture 2. Model Development CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  2. Empirical Models Secchi disk and chlorophyll (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.6) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  3. Empirical Models Vollenwieder plot (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.1) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  4. Linked Empirical-Mechanistic Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.4) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  5. Mechanistic Mass Balance Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 1.5) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  6. Temporal Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.8) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  7. Spatial Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 16.1) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  8. Time and Space Scale of Water Quality Problems (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.9) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  9. Kinetic Resolution Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Total Phosphorus Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Refractory Particulate Phosphorus Available Particulate Phosphorus CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  10. The Guiding Principle Things should be made as simple as possible -- but no simpler. Albert Einstein image source: www.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpiceinstein.html CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  11. unlimited cost desired reliability Model Reliability cost + $ cost Model Complexity Defensible, Credible, Cost-Effective CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  12. Striking a Balance Model Complexity Screening  Management  Research CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  13. Modeling: Historical Development • 1925-1960 (Streeter-Phelps) • Problems: untreated and primary effluent • Pollutants: BOD • Systems: streams and estuaries (1D) • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  14. Modeling: Historical Development • 1960-1970 (Computerization) • Problems: primary and secondary effluent • Pollutants: BOD • Systems: streams and estuaries (1D/2D) • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical and numerical (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  15. Modeling: Historical Development • 1970-1977 (Biology) • Problems: eutrophication • Pollutants: nutrients • Systems: streams, lakes and estuaries (1D/2D/3D) • Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback • Solutions: numerical (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  16. Modeling: Historical Development • 1977- 2000 (Toxics) • Problems: toxics • Pollutants: organics, metals • Systems: sediment-water interactions • food chain interations, streams, lakes and estuaries • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

  17. Whitefish Benthic Invertebrates Phytoplankton Modeling: Historical Development • 2000 - present (Ecosytems) • Problems: ecosystem change, climate, invasives • Pollutants: natural components – carbon, nutrients, organisms • Systems: primary production, food web interactions • Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback • Solutions: numerical (Chapra 1997) CE4505 – Surface Water Quality Engineering

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