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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. How do all living organsims make energy?. Cell Respiration Warm-up- Look at the cell respiration flow chart from your notes to answer the following. Name the three stages of cell respiration Where is most of the energy in cell respiration made?

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration How do all living organsims make energy?

  2. Cell Respiration Warm-up- Look at the cell respiration flow chart from your notes to answer the following • Name the three stages of cell respiration • Where is most of the energy in cell respiration made? • What stages of cell respiration require oxygen? • What is the main molecule that is broken down in cell respiration?

  3. Cellular Respiration Definition • Process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen; made up of glycolysis, Kreb Cycle, and electron transport chain

  4. Cellular Respiration • process by which glucose is broken down by cells in order to obtain cellular energy (ATP) • We get the glucose from food. Which molecule is the main source? • Two Types of Respiration When Oxygen is used= AEROBIC RESPIRATION • When Oxygen is not used= ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

  5. Science Name for Energy • ATP- usable high energy • Adenosine Triphosphate

  6. Equation for Cellular Respiration • C6 H12 O6 + O2CO2 + H2O+ 36-38 ATP • Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide+ water+ 36-38 ATP

  7. How Do We Generate this Energy? Three Steps: • Step 1: Glycolysis • Step 2: Kreb Cycle • Step 3: Electron Transfer Chain (Chemiosmosis)

  8. Making Energy Happens In Steps

  9. Where Does this Process Happen? • Cytoplasm- Stage 1 • Mitochondria- Stage 2 and 3

  10. STAGE 1 : GLYCOLYSIS: SPLITTING OF GLUCOSE • GOAL? GLUCOSE IS BROKEN INTO TWO PARTS TO EXTRACT SOME ENERGY • OXYGEN IS NOT REQUIRED FOR THIS STAGE • WHERE? CYTOPLASM • RESULTS: 2 PYRUVIC ACID (NOT USABLE) 2 ATP (USABLE) 2 NADH2 (NOT USABLE)

  11. Glycolysis • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__how_glycolysis_works.html • Watch the animation and discuss with your neighbor what you saw happen to glucose and how much energy was formed

  12. Copy and paste this link to view stage one http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.html

  13. The Kreb Cycle • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__how_the_krebs_cycle_works__quiz_1_.html • Watch the animation and discuss with your neighbor what you saw happen to pyruvic acid and how much energy was formed. • How much of the energy can directly be used by cells? Can not directly be used?

  14. STAGE 2: KREB CYCLE • GOAL: EXTRACT MORE ENERGY. PYRUVIC ACID FURTHER BREAKS DOWN • WHERE: MITOCHONDRIA • CONDITIONS: OXYGEN MUST BE PRESENT • RESULTS: 2ATP • 4 NADH2 ( UNUSABLE) • 1 FADH2 (UNUSABLE) Note: Organisms that do not use oxygen DO NOT go through stage 2 OR 3 • CO2 is released in this stage!!

  15. STAGE 3: ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN- Oxidative Phosphorylation • GOAL: ALL OF NADH2 AND FADH2 ARE CONVERTED TO ATP FINALLY HAVE A LOT OF USABLE ENERGY • 36 MOLECULES OF ATP • WHERE: INNER MITOCHONDRIA MEMBRANE • CONDITIONS: OXYGEN IS REQUIRED

  16. The Electron Transport Chain • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__electron_transport_system_and_formation_of_atp__quiz_2_.html • Discuss with your neighbor oxygen is important in this stage of cellular respiration, and what happens to all the NADH and FADH’s

  17. OVERALL CHEMICAL EQUATION C6 H12 O6 + O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O+ 36-38 ATP • glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide water 36-38 ATP

  18. WHEN OXYGEN IS NOT PRESENT (ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION) • CALLED FERMENTATION • ONLY STAGE 1(GLYCOLYSIS) OCCURS • GET 2 ATP MOLECULES GLUCOSE2 LACTIC ACID+ 2 CARBON + 2 ATP DIOXIDE Or Glucose 2 ethanol + 2 carbon dioxide+ 2 ATP • SOME BACTERIA AND YEAST GET ENERGY FROM THIS PROCESS

  19. Do we (humans)ever go through anaerobic respiration? • Yes • When we have high demands for oxygen and can not meet that demand (oxygen debt like during vigorous exercise) our body will also use anaerobic respiration to make ATP • Results in a build up of lactic acid in our muscle cells- sore muscles after working out

  20. Lactic Acid Fermentation

  21. Ethanol Fermentation

  22. Fill in the Flow Chart

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