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Comparative Analysis: European vs. Japanese Feudalism Systems

Explore the similarities and differences between European and Japanese Feudalism regarding land ownership, caste systems, loyalty oaths, and military responsibilities. European feudalism began in 800 CE based on Christianity and Roman law, while Japanese feudalism started in 1200 CE with foundations in Buddhism and Confucian law. Learn about the variations in political systems, treatment of peasants, knightly codes, and societal values in these two distinct feudal structures.

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Comparative Analysis: European vs. Japanese Feudalism Systems

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  1. Japanese vs. European Feudalism

  2. similarities • Land ownership forms basis of all feudal societies • Both were fixed caste systems—a peasant was always born to peasants, and lords were always born to lords • Both knights and samurai swore fealty (loyalty) to their lords • Knights and samurai were militarily responsible for protecting those beneath them as a service to their lords

  3. differences European Feudalism Japanese Feudalism • Began in 800 CE • Based on Christianity and Roman law • Centralized political system which led to strong hierarchy of monarch to lord • Began in 1200 CE • Based on Buddhism and Confucian law • Decentralized political system which led to lip service loyalty to emperor but far greater independence for lords

  4. differences cont'd European Feudalism Japanese Feudalism • Large number of peasants/agricultural workers • Code of chivalry for knights included survival (except Crusades) and putting women on a pedestal • Small number of agricultural workers • Code of “chivalry” called Bushido included sepukko (hari-kari) and required women to be tough

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