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Ch. 9: The Expansion of Trade & Religion in South and Southeast Asia – Part 1

Ch. 9: The Expansion of Trade & Religion in South and Southeast Asia – Part 1. Questions. What was the silk road? How and why did Buddhism spread through South East Asia? How and why did Buddhism Transform ? Why did Buddhism decline in India? When did the Indians become Hindu?

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Ch. 9: The Expansion of Trade & Religion in South and Southeast Asia – Part 1

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  1. Ch. 9: The Expansion of Trade & Religion in South and Southeast Asia – Part 1

  2. Questions • What was the silk road? • How and why did Buddhism spread through South East Asia? • How and why did Buddhism Transform ? • Why did Buddhism decline in India? • When did the Indians become Hindu? • What led to the growth of Islam in India?

  3. Identifications • Kanishka • Spread of Buddhism • Gupta Dynasty • Theravada • Mahayana • Hinduism • Puja • Sikhism • Bodhisattvas • Rajputs • Saladin • Crusades

  4. Kushan Kingdom (Afghanistan) 150 BCE - 320 CE Center of Trade Intermediary between Rome-China Trade Silk Road Figure 9-1 p241

  5. How did Buddhism Spread? • Kushan Monarch, Kanishka, 2nd C C.E. • Merchants & Missionaries • Bamiyan • Gupta Dynasty

  6. Bamiyan (modern Day Kabul, Afghanistan p240

  7. p252

  8. Gupta Dynasty, 320 CE Raja Chandragupta Capital: Pataliputra Figure 9-2 p243

  9. “Golden Age” or Classical Period • Raja Samudragupta • Trade regulated by government • Private sector of Jati Guilds • Barter & Money System

  10. Figure 9-3 p244

  11. Changes of Buddhism Pre-Gupta Gupta Nirvana – vision of heavenly salvation Siddhartha – divinity Closer to Nirvana than others – reinforced class difference • Nirvana – abstract concept • Siddhartha – Sage • Classes are equal

  12. How did Buddhism Transform?

  13. Why did Buddhism Decline? • Denial of a soul – counter to traditional beliefs • Rejection of class divisions • Emphasized individual path • Development of Hinduism • Initially an elitist tradition of the Brahmin class • Transformed to appeal to the masses

  14. When did Indians become Hindu? • Muslim Rule 1st Millennium CE • British Colonial Rule • Puja • Populist tradition focused on personal worship and achievement of individual goals • Influence of egalitarian nature of Buddhism • Brahmanism transformed into a religion of the majority

  15. p243

  16. Mamallapuram Shore Temple Revival of Hindu Faith 8 C CE p246

  17. p246

  18. Dancing Shiva • 12 CE • Kingdom of Chola • Lost Wax Technique p257

  19. Arrival of Islam Figure 9-4 p248

  20. Kutub Minar,1192, Mosque over a Hindu Temple, Delhi p249

  21. The Delhi Sultanate • 1192 – Muslim rule at Delhi • 997 Mahmud expanded Kingdom • 1200 – All of Northern India • 1320- Tughlug Dynasty – Deccan Plateau p249

  22. Figure 9-5 p250

  23. Samarkand, gem of Empire • Originated 1 Mill. BCE – Caravan stop along the Silk Road • Tamerlane, Mongol Khanate, Capital • 1398 - 1405 p250

  24. Art & architecture of India p250

  25. p256

  26. p256

  27. p267

  28. p255

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