The Assessment and Measurement of Metrics on Electronic Information Resources for Libraries

1. The Assessment and Measurement of Metrics on Electronic Information Resources for Libraries Ya-ning Chen Computing Centre, Academia Sinica 20 Oct. 2005

2. Outline • Data gathering of electronic information resources • Dimension for analysis and evaluation • Methods of assessment and measurement • Output Assessment • Performance Measures • Service Quality • Outcomes Assessment • Miscellaneous: User Behavior • Conclusions and suggestions

3. Data Gathering • Strand 1 – Basic data for librariesNISO Z39.7: 2004, ISO – 2789:2003, CNS-13151 • Strand 2 – Harmony of Vendor’s dataCOUNTER • Strand 3 – A Framework for all partiesICOLC

4. NISO Z39.7: 20041 • 主要以彰顯與標示圖書館的電子資訊資源的館藏、設備、經費、人員配置、使用者及使用情形。主要類別與項目有 • Collection • Ejournals(含periodicals, nerwspapers, and serials)種數 • CDROM • Computer Files • Databases • Digital documents • eBooks • Free Internet Resources • Other digital documents, et al.

5. NISO Z39.7: 20042 • Workstations • Available workstations • Available Internet workstations • Finance • Capital expenditures • Operating expenditures by type of expenditure • Operating income by source • Capital revenue

6. NISO Z39.7: 20043 • Operating expenditures • Audiovisual materials • Bibliographic utilities, networks and consortia • Computer hardware, software, supplies and maintenance • Ejournals • Document delivery/Interlibrary loan • Electronic access • Electronic materials • Employees benefit • Furnishing and equipment • Preservation • Professional staff salaries and wages • Student assistant salaries and wages • Support staff salaries and wages

7. NISO Z39.7: 20044 • Operating income by source • Federal government • Local government • Other sources • State government

8. NISO Z39.7: 20045 • Services • Gate Count → Visits Counter • Hours Open → Available Time • Information Requests: including Virtual Reference Transactions • Library Events/Program → eLearning • Loans and Document Delivery • Use • Electronic Collection • Internet Access • No. of Public Access Workstation Users • User Orientation and Training • Attendance at User Training • Formal user Information Technology Training - eLearning • Information Services to Groups • Point-of-Use Information Technology Training • User Training

9. NISO Z39.7: 20046 • Primary Target Population • Academic Library • Network and Cooperative Target Population • Public Library • School Library • Special Library • State Library Agency • Human Resources • Certified Library Media Specialist • Contributed Service Staff • Other Staff • Professional Staff • Qualified Special Staff • Staff Training • Staff Hours of Training • No. of Staff Trained • Student Assistants • Volunteers

10. CNS-13151 • 請詳 • 林呈潢主持（民93年）。圖書館統計標準與電子圖書館服務使用評量（初版）。臺北市：國家圖書館。 • 林呈潢、王麗蕉（民93年）。電子圖書館統計標準發展之探討。在 21世紀數位圖書館發展趨勢（頁351-370）。臺北市：文華。

11. COUNTER1 • Launched in March 2002, COUNTER (Counting Online Usage of Networked Electronic Resources) is an international initiative designed to serve librarians, publishers and intermediaries by facilitating the recording and exchange of online usage statistics. • COUNTER has set out to achieve this, that is, the use of these online information resources should be measured in a more consistent way.

12. COUNTER2 • Code of Practice for Journals and Databases • Code of Practice for Books and Reference Works

13. Code of Practice for Journals and Databases: 2005 • Journal Report 1: No. of Successful Full-text Article Requests by Month and Journal • Journal Report 2: Turnaways by Month and Journal • Journal Report 3: No. of Successfual Item Requests and Turnaways by Month, Journal and Page-Type • Journal Report 4: Total Searches Run by Month and Service • Database Report 1: Total Searches and Sessions by Month and Database • Database Report 2: Turnaways by Month and Database • Database Report 3: Total Searches and Sessions by Month and Service

21. Compliant Vendors • http://www.projectcounter.org/articles.html

22. Code of Practice for Books and Reference Works : 2005 • Book Report 1: No. of Successful Title Requests by Month and Title • Book Report 2: No. of Successful Section Requests by Month and Title • Book Report 3: Turnaways by Month and Title • Book Report 4: Total Searches and Sessions by Month and Title • Book Report 5: Total Searches and Sessions by Month and Service • Book Report 6: No. of Successful Item Requests and Turnways by Month, Title and Page-Type • Book Report 7: Number of Successful Print Requests by Month and Title

30. ICOLC1 • Min. Requirements • Data Elements • No. of Sessions (logins) • No. of Queries (searches) • No. Menu Selections • No. of Full-Content Units • Journal Articles – by journal title with ISSN and Title • E-Books – by book title with ISBN and Title • Reference Materials – by content unit (e.g dictionary definitions, encyclopedia articles, biographies, etc. • Non-textual resources – by file types (e.g. image, audio, video, etc.)

31. ICOLC2 • Subdivision • By each specific database of the provider • By each set of Institutional IP addresses or other special data element (e.g. account no.) • By overall consortium, aggregated at the consortium level • By time period, with a month as the primary coverage unit, aggregated annual as appropriate. • Privacy and User Confidentiality • Institutional or Consortia Confidentiality • Access • Delivery • Report Formats

32. Dimension for analysis and evaluation • Cost • User Satisfaction • Performance Indicators • Outcome and Impact

33. Methods of assessment and measurement • Output AssessmentCost of Per Use, 館藏資源/服務與諮詢/使用者/使用情形/經費 & 預算 • Performance Measures • Service QualityLibQUAL+, Balanced Scorecard, Best Practices, Benchmarking • Outcomes Assessment • Miscellaneous: User Behaviors and Requirements, Collection Development

34. Output Assessment1 • Cost of Per Use • FormulaTotal Cost ÷ No. of use OR No. of use ÷ Total Cost • Case Study • Journal of Cost Per Use Statistics University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries – 1998-1999http://www.wisc.edu/wendt/journals/costben.html • The Cost per Article Reading of Open Access Articleshttp://www.dlib.org/dlib/january04/holmstrom/01holmstrom.html

35. Output Assessment2 • NISO Z39.7 • ISO-2789:2003 • CNS -13151

36. Performance Measures • ISO 20983: Information and Documentation – Performance Indicators for Electronic Library Services • E-Metrics (ARL)

37. ISO 209831 • Is the first edition for the evaluation of electronic library services in 2003. • In the future, ISO 20983 will be incorporated into ISO 11620.

38. ISO 209832 • Is composed of 5 dimensions and 14 categories in the following: • User Perception: general • Public Services: general, providing documents, retrieving documents, lending documents, document delivery from external sources, enquiry and reference services, information searching, user education, and facilities. • Technical Services: acquiring documents, processing documents, and cataloguing. • Promotion of Services • User Services: deployment of staff

39. ISO 209833 • PIs • Percentage of Population Reached by Electronic Services • Percentage of Expenditure on Information Provision Spent on the Electronic Collection • No. of Documents Downloaded Per Session • Cost per Database Session • Cost Per Document Downloaded • Percentage of Rejected Sessions • Percentage of Remote OPAC Sessions • Virtual Visits as a Percentage of Total Visits

40. ISO 209834 • PIs • Percentage of Information Requests Submitted Electronically • No. of User Attendances at Electronic Service Training Lessons Per Capita • Workstation Hours Available Per Capita • Population Per Public Access Workstation • Workstation Use Rate • No. of Attendances at Formal IT and Related Training Lessons Per Staff Member • Percentage of Library Staff Providing and Developing Electronic Services

41. E-Metrics1 • This E-Metrics study was 18-month project from 2000 to 2003 and was composed of three phases as follows: • An inventory • An identification • Identifying and testing data elements • 5 dimensions of E-Metrics Projects are proposed to measure in the following: • Resource • Use • Cost • Digital Collection • Performance

42. E-Metrics2 • Resource Measures: Patron Accessible Electronic Resources • No. of Electronic Full-text Journals (R1) • No. of Electronic Reference Sources (R2) • No. of Electronic Books (R3) • Use Measures: Use of Networked Resources and Services • No. of Electronic Reference Transactions (U1) • No. of Logins (Sessions) to Electronic Databases (U2) • No. of Queries (Searches) in Electronic Databases (U3) • Items of Requested in Electronic Databases (U4) • Virtual Visits to Library’s Website and Catalog (U5)

43. E-Metrics3 • Cost Measures: Expenditures for Networked Resources and Related Infrastructure • Cost of Electronic Full-text Journals (C1) • Cost of Electronic Reference Sources (C2) • Cost of Electronic Books (C3) • Library Expenditures for Bibliographic Utilities, Networks, and Consortia (C4) • External Expenditures for Bibliographic Utilities, Networks, and Consortia (C5)

44. E-Metrics4 • Digital Collection Measures: Library Digitization Activities • Size of Library Digital Collection (D1) • Use of Library Digital Collection (D2) • Cost of Digital Collection Construction and Management (D3) • Performance Measures • Percentage of Electronic Reference Transactions of Total Reference (P1) • Percentage of Remote Library Visits of All Library Visits (P2) • Percentage of Electronic Books to All Monographs (P3)

45. Service Quality • LibQUAL+ • Balanced Scorecard • Best Practices • Benchmark

46. LibQUAL+1 • The LibQUAL+ was initiated in Sept./Oct. 1999. • The LibQUAL+ was developed based on SERVQUAL model. • 3 dimensions and 22 core questions. Three dimensions are listed as below: • User Perceptions of Service Affect • Information Control • Library as Place

47. LibQUAL+2 • User Perceptions of Service Affect • Employees who instill confidence in users. • Giving users individual attention. • Information Control • Making electronic resources accessible from home or office. • Library as Place • Library space that inspires study and learning • To examine and explain the results based on 3 ways as follows: • Gap scores (min., perceived and desired scores) • Radar chart • Bar chart

48. Balanced Scorecard1 • The balanced scorecard was developed in the early 1990's by Drs. Robert Kaplan and David Norton and is a new approach to strategic management. • The balanced scorecard is a management system (not only a measurement system) that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them into action. • Four Dimensions • Financial • Internal Business Processes • Learning and Growth • Customer • Vision and Strategy

49. Balanced Scorecard2

50. Outcomes Assessment1 • The Linear Model • The Cyclic Model • The Spiral Swirl • A Framework