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New Brunswick Climate Change Hub

New Brunswick Climate Change Hub. Reducing GHG in New Brunswick Mark Butler. Reducing GHG Emissions From Buildings Picking the Low Hanging Fruit. Fuel Switching? or Conservation?. Fuel switching conserves energy and is the most cost-effective means of reducing GHG.

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New Brunswick Climate Change Hub

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  1. New Brunswick Climate Change Hub Reducing GHG in New Brunswick Mark Butler

  2. Reducing GHG Emissions From Buildings Picking the Low Hanging Fruit Fuel Switching? or Conservation? Fuel switching conserves energy and is the most cost-effective means of reducing GHG.

  3. GHG Reductions – Buildings 1. Heat Loss 2. Heating system Efficiency Furnace Boiler Heat Pump Energy In Heat Out 3. Fuel Type

  4. 1. Reduce Heat Loss Insulation

  5. 1. Reduce Heat Loss • Insulation • Air sealing

  6. 1. Reduce Heat Loss • Insulation • Air sealing • Windows

  7. 1. Reduce Heat Loss • Insulation • Air sealing • Windows • Setback Thermostat Typical measures promoted by governments and other energy efficiency organizations

  8. 2. Heating System Efficiency Increase the Efficiency of the conversion of Energy to Heat • Energy Star qualified oil and gas furnaces and boilers. • Energy Star qualified air-source heat pump • Ground or water source heat pumps • EPA rated wood appliances

  9. 2. Heating System Efficiency • How efficiently the energy is converted into heat 75 GJ of Heat 82 GJ Natural Gas 88 GJ 75 GJ of Heat 88 GJ Heating Oil 75 GJ of Heat 75 GJ Electricity

  10. Using Electricity to Produce Heat Heat Electricity Fuel Oil 250 GJ Oil 75 GJ Heat Distribution Transmission

  11. 2. Heating System Efficiency 75 GJ of Heat Natural Gas 82 GJ Natural Gas 75 GJ of Heat Heating Oil 88 GJ Heating Oil 75 GJ of Heat Electric Baseboard 250 GJ HFO 75 GJ of Heat Heat Pump 157 GJ HFO

  12. 3. Fuel Type

  13. Annual GHG Emissions 69% reduction in energy use

  14. Fuel Switching vs. Other Baseboard Electric • Heating kWh will have to be reduced from 20,800 to 6,400 (69%) to reduce GHG to the level of heating with oil. • Reduction to 4,000 kWh (81%) to equal GHG from natural gas.

  15. Fuel Switching vs. Other • The cost to reduce the heat loss in an electric baseboard heated home by 69% to 81% is far greater than the cost to install a central heating system with gas or oil. • The cost to install a central heating system with a heat pump is greater than an Energy Star gas or oil furnace and emits 160% more GHG. • CFL’s and Energy Star appliances save energy by reducing the amount of heat they produce – not very beneficial in an electrically heated home compared to one with gas, oil or wood heat (no advantage for 260 out 365 days a year).

  16. Reduce Heat Loss Insulation Air sealing Windows Setback Thermostat Heating System Efficiency Energy Star qualified oil and gas furnaces and boilers. Energy Star qualified air-source heat pump Ground or water source heat pumps EPA rated wood appliances Measures to Reduce GHG Common measures promoted through government policy and programs. Fuel Type – No specific programs or incentives to increase efficiency through fuel switching.

  17. Conclusion • Electric resistance heating is the most inefficient use of fossil fuel. • Baseboard electric heating should be banned in new construction. • Electric rate structures need to be modified to eliminate the incentive that exists to heat with electricity. • Government programs need to assist building owners with the cost of installing central heat. The conversion of fossil fuel energy heat electricity heat should be discouraged.

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