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The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System. Respiratory System. Made up of lungs, bronchi, trachea, and other structures Inside the trachea and bronchi are cilia in mucus  trap bacteria and dirt from air. Trachea. Tube leading from the throat to the bronchi BRONCHI Tubes that carry air into the lungs.

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The Respiratory System

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  1. The Respiratory System

  2. Respiratory System • Made up of lungs, bronchi, trachea, and other structures • Inside the trachea and bronchi are cilia in mucus  trap bacteria and dirt from air

  3. Trachea • Tube leading from the throat to the bronchi BRONCHI • Tubes that carry air into the lungs

  4. Gas Exchange • The lungs absorb oxygen from the air • Bronchi are like branches that end with air sacs, these are surrounded by capillaries

  5. Breathing • Sheet of Muscles under lungs = diaphragm • Diaphragm relaxes, they move inwards, air is pushed out = Exhaling • Diaphragm contracts, they move outward and air is pulled into the lungs = Inhaling

  6. Control of Breathing • Breathing is mostly involuntary • The brain controls breathing • carbon dioxide builds up in the blood, a signal goes to the brain, the brain sends a message to your lungs to breath

  7. Respiratory Diseases • Diseases that reduce the flow of air into and out of lungs • Asthma: airway swelling and mucus production • Emphysema: the tiny air sacs in the lungs collapse, less oxygen can reach the blood • Chronic Bronchitis: the tissue in the airway swell

  8. Cause of Respiratory Diseases • Exposure to smoke • Exposure to pollution • Exposure to chlorine in swimming pools

  9. Infection • Colds • Influenza • SARS – similar to a flu but more severe • Tuberculosis – caused by bacteria, infects the lungs but can spread to the bones, and nervous system – can be fatal

  10. Spread of Disease • Epidemic – when a greater than usual number of people in an area get sick • Pandemic – a worldwide epidemic • Prevention: Vaccines – a type of medicine that protects from certain diseases by stimulating the immune system to develop resistance

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